git-annex/Annex/Content.hs

{- git-annex file content managing
 -
 - Copyright 2010-2015 Joey Hess <id@joeyh.name>
 -
 - Licensed under the GNU GPL version 3 or higher.
 -}

{-# LANGUAGE CPP #-}

module Annex.Content (
	inAnnex,
	inAnnex',
	inAnnexSafe,
	inAnnexCheck,
	lockContentShared,
	lockContentForRemoval,
	ContentRemovalLock,
	getViaTmp,
	getViaTmp',
	checkDiskSpaceToGet,
	VerifyConfig(..),
	Types.Remote.unVerified,
	prepTmp,
	withTmp,
	checkDiskSpace,
	moveAnnex,
	linkAnnex,
	LinkAnnexResult(..),
	sendAnnex,
	prepSendAnnex,
	removeAnnex,
	moveBad,
	KeyLocation(..),
	getKeysPresent,
	saveState,
	downloadUrl,
	preseedTmp,
	freezeContent,
	thawContent,
	dirKeys,
	withObjectLoc,
	staleKeysPrune,
) where

import System.IO.Unsafe (unsafeInterleaveIO)
import qualified Data.Set as S

import Common.Annex
import Logs.Location
import Logs.Transfer
import qualified Git
import qualified Annex
import qualified Annex.Queue
import qualified Annex.Branch
import Utility.DiskFree
import Utility.FileMode
import qualified Annex.Url as Url
import Types.Key
import Utility.DataUnits
import Utility.CopyFile
import Utility.Metered
import Config
import Git.SharedRepository
import Annex.Perms
import Annex.Link
import Annex.Content.Direct
import Annex.ReplaceFile
import Annex.LockPool
import Messages.Progress
import qualified Types.Remote
import qualified Types.Backend
import qualified Backend
import Types.NumCopies
import Annex.UUID
import Annex.InodeSentinal
import Utility.InodeCache
import qualified Database.Keys

{- Checks if a given key's content is currently present. -}
inAnnex :: Key -> Annex Bool
inAnnex key = inAnnexCheck key $ liftIO . doesFileExist

{- Runs an arbitrary check on a key's content. -}
inAnnexCheck :: Key -> (FilePath -> Annex Bool) -> Annex Bool
inAnnexCheck key check = inAnnex' id False check key

{- Generic inAnnex, handling both indirect and direct mode.
 -
 - In direct mode, at least one of the associated files must pass the
 - check. Additionally, the file must be unmodified.
 -}
inAnnex' :: (a -> Bool) -> a -> (FilePath -> Annex a) -> Key -> Annex a
inAnnex' isgood bad check key = withObjectLoc key checkindirect checkdirect
  where
	checkindirect loc = do
		whenM (fromRepo Git.repoIsUrl) $
			error "inAnnex cannot check remote repo"
		check loc
	checkdirect [] = return bad
	checkdirect (loc:locs) = do
		r <- check loc
		if isgood r
			then ifM (goodContent key loc)
				( return r
				, checkdirect locs
				)
			else checkdirect locs

{- A safer check; the key's content must not only be present, but
 - is not in the process of being removed. -}
inAnnexSafe :: Key -> Annex (Maybe Bool)
inAnnexSafe key = inAnnex' (fromMaybe True) (Just False) go key
  where
	is_locked = Nothing
	is_unlocked = Just True
	is_missing = Just False

	go contentfile = maybe (checkindirect contentfile) (checkdirect contentfile)
		=<< contentLockFile key

#ifndef mingw32_HOST_OS
	checkindirect contentfile = checkOr is_missing contentfile
	{- In direct mode, the content file must exist, but
	 - the lock file generally won't exist unless a removal is in
	 - process. -}
	checkdirect contentfile lockfile =
		ifM (liftIO $ doesFileExist contentfile)
			( checkOr is_unlocked lockfile
			, return is_missing
			)
	checkOr d lockfile = do
		v <- checkLocked lockfile
		return $ case v of
			Nothing -> d
			Just True -> is_locked
			Just False -> is_unlocked
#else
	checkindirect f = liftIO $ ifM (doesFileExist f)
		( do
			v <- lockShared f
			case v of
				Nothing -> return is_locked
				Just lockhandle -> do
					dropLock lockhandle
					return is_unlocked
		, return is_missing
		)
	{- In Windows, see if we can take a shared lock. If so, 
	 - remove the lock file to clean up after ourselves. -}
	checkdirect contentfile lockfile =
		ifM (liftIO $ doesFileExist contentfile)
			( modifyContent lockfile $ liftIO $ do
				v <- lockShared lockfile
				case v of
					Nothing -> return is_locked
					Just lockhandle -> do
						dropLock lockhandle
						void $ tryIO $ nukeFile lockfile
						return is_unlocked
			, return is_missing
			)
#endif

{- Direct mode and especially Windows has to use a separate lock
 - file from the content, since locking the actual content file
 - would interfere with the user's use of it. -}
contentLockFile :: Key -> Annex (Maybe FilePath)
#ifndef mingw32_HOST_OS
contentLockFile key = ifM isDirect
	( Just <$> calcRepo (gitAnnexContentLock key)
	, return Nothing
	)
#else
contentLockFile key = Just <$> calcRepo (gitAnnexContentLock key)
#endif

{- Prevents the content from being removed while the action is running.
 - Uses a shared lock.
 -
 - Does not actually check if the content is present. Use inAnnex for that.
 - However, since the contentLockFile is the content file in indirect mode,
 - if the content is not present, locking it will fail.
 -
 - If locking fails, throws an exception rather than running the action.
 -
 - Note that, in direct mode, nothing prevents the user from directly
 - editing or removing the content, even while it's locked by this.
 -}
lockContentShared :: Key -> (VerifiedCopy -> Annex a) -> Annex a
lockContentShared key a = lockContentUsing lock key $ do
	u <- getUUID
	withVerifiedCopy LockedCopy u (return True) a
  where
#ifndef mingw32_HOST_OS
	lock contentfile Nothing = tryLockShared Nothing contentfile
	lock _ (Just lockfile) = posixLocker tryLockShared lockfile
#else
	lock = winLocker lockShared
#endif

{- Exclusively locks content, while performing an action that
 - might remove it.
 -}
lockContentForRemoval :: Key -> (ContentRemovalLock -> Annex a) -> Annex a
lockContentForRemoval key a = lockContentUsing lock key $ 
	a (ContentRemovalLock key)
  where
#ifndef mingw32_HOST_OS
	{- Since content files are stored with the write bit disabled, have
	 - to fiddle with permissions to open for an exclusive lock. -}
	lock contentfile Nothing = bracket_
		(thawContent contentfile)
		(freezeContent contentfile)
		(tryLockExclusive Nothing contentfile)
	lock _ (Just lockfile) = posixLocker tryLockExclusive lockfile
#else
	lock = winLocker lockExclusive
#endif

{- Passed the object content file, and maybe a separate lock file to use,
 - when the content file itself should not be locked. -}
type ContentLocker = FilePath -> Maybe LockFile -> Annex (Maybe LockHandle)

#ifndef mingw32_HOST_OS
posixLocker :: (Maybe FileMode -> LockFile -> Annex (Maybe LockHandle)) -> LockFile -> Annex (Maybe LockHandle)
posixLocker takelock lockfile = do
	mode <- annexFileMode
	modifyContent lockfile $
		takelock (Just mode) lockfile
	
#else
winLocker :: (LockFile -> IO (Maybe LockHandle)) -> ContentLocker
winLocker takelock _ (Just lockfile) = do
	modifyContent lockfile $
		void $ liftIO $ tryIO $
			writeFile lockfile ""
	liftIO $ takelock lockfile
-- never reached; windows always uses a separate lock file
winLocker _ _ Nothing = return Nothing
#endif

lockContentUsing :: ContentLocker -> Key -> Annex a -> Annex a
lockContentUsing locker key a = do
	contentfile <- calcRepo $ gitAnnexLocation key
	lockfile <- contentLockFile key
	bracket
		(lock contentfile lockfile)
		(unlock lockfile)
		(const a)
  where
	alreadylocked = error "content is locked"
	failedtolock e = error $ "failed to lock content: " ++ show e

	lock contentfile lockfile =
		(maybe alreadylocked return 
			=<< locker contentfile lockfile)
		`catchIO` failedtolock

#ifndef mingw32_HOST_OS
	unlock mlockfile lck = do
		maybe noop cleanuplockfile mlockfile
		liftIO $ dropLock lck
#else
	unlock mlockfile lck = do
		-- Can't delete a locked file on Windows
		liftIO $ dropLock lck
		maybe noop cleanuplockfile mlockfile
#endif

	cleanuplockfile lockfile = modifyContent lockfile $
		void $ liftIO $ tryIO $
			nukeFile lockfile

{- Runs an action, passing it the temp file to get,
 - and if the action succeeds, verifies the file matches
 - the key and moves the file into the annex as a key's content. -}
getViaTmp :: VerifyConfig -> Key -> (FilePath -> Annex (Bool, Types.Remote.Verification)) -> Annex Bool
getViaTmp v key action = checkDiskSpaceToGet key False $
	getViaTmp' v key action

{- Like getViaTmp, but does not check that there is enough disk space
 - for the incoming key. For use when the key content is already on disk
 - and not being copied into place. -}
getViaTmp' :: VerifyConfig -> Key -> (FilePath -> Annex (Bool, Types.Remote.Verification)) -> Annex Bool
getViaTmp' v key action = do
	tmpfile <- prepTmp key
	(ok, verification) <- action tmpfile
	if ok
		then ifM (verifyKeyContent v verification key tmpfile)
			( do
				moveAnnex key tmpfile
				logStatus key InfoPresent
				return True
			, do
				warning "verification of content failed"
				liftIO $ nukeFile tmpfile
				return False
			)
		-- On transfer failure, the tmp file is left behind, in case
		-- caller wants to resume its transfer
		else return False

{- Verifies that a file is the expected content of a key.
 - Configuration can prevent verification, for either a
 - particular remote or always.
 -
 - Most keys have a known size, and if so, the file size is checked.
 -
 - When the key's backend allows verifying the content (eg via checksum),
 - it is checked. 
 -}
verifyKeyContent :: VerifyConfig -> Types.Remote.Verification -> Key -> FilePath -> Annex Bool
verifyKeyContent _ Types.Remote.Verified _ _ = return True
verifyKeyContent v Types.Remote.UnVerified k f = ifM (shouldVerify v)
	( verifysize <&&> verifycontent
	, return True
	)
  where
	verifysize = case Types.Key.keySize k of
		Nothing -> return True
		Just size -> do
			size' <- liftIO $ catchDefaultIO 0 $ getFileSize f
			return (size' == size)
	verifycontent = case Types.Backend.verifyKeyContent =<< Backend.maybeLookupBackendName (Types.Key.keyBackendName k) of
		Nothing -> return True
		Just verifier -> verifier k f

data VerifyConfig = AlwaysVerify | NoVerify | RemoteVerify Remote | DefaultVerify

shouldVerify :: VerifyConfig -> Annex Bool
shouldVerify AlwaysVerify = return True
shouldVerify NoVerify = return False
shouldVerify DefaultVerify = annexVerify <$> Annex.getGitConfig
shouldVerify (RemoteVerify r) = shouldVerify DefaultVerify
	<&&> pure (remoteAnnexVerify (Types.Remote.gitconfig r))

{- Checks if there is enough free disk space to download a key
 - to its temp file.
 -
 - When the temp file already exists, count the space it is using as
 - free, since the download will overwrite it or resume.
 -
 - Wen there's enough free space, runs the download action.
 -}
checkDiskSpaceToGet :: Key -> a -> Annex a -> Annex a
checkDiskSpaceToGet key unabletoget getkey = do
	tmp <- fromRepo $ gitAnnexTmpObjectLocation key

	e <- liftIO $ doesFileExist tmp
	alreadythere <- liftIO $ if e
		then getFileSize tmp
		else return 0
	ifM (checkDiskSpace Nothing key alreadythere True)
		( do
			-- The tmp file may not have been left writable
			when e $ thawContent tmp
			getkey
		, return unabletoget
		)

prepTmp :: Key -> Annex FilePath
prepTmp key = do
	tmp <- fromRepo $ gitAnnexTmpObjectLocation key
	createAnnexDirectory (parentDir tmp)
	return tmp

{- Creates a temp file for a key, runs an action on it, and cleans up
 - the temp file. If the action throws an exception, the temp file is
 - left behind, which allows for resuming.
 -}
withTmp :: Key -> (FilePath -> Annex a) -> Annex a
withTmp key action = do
	tmp <- prepTmp key
	res <- action tmp
	liftIO $ nukeFile tmp
	return res

{- Checks that there is disk space available to store a given key,
 - in a destination (or the annex) printing a warning if not. 
 -
 - If the destination is on the same filesystem as the annex,
 - checks for any other running downloads, removing the amount of data still
 - to be downloaded from the free space. This way, we avoid overcommitting
 - when doing concurrent downloads.
 -}
checkDiskSpace :: Maybe FilePath -> Key -> Integer -> Bool -> Annex Bool
checkDiskSpace destination key alreadythere samefilesystem = ifM (Annex.getState Annex.force)
	( return True
	, do
		-- We can't get inprogress and free at the same
		-- time, and both can be changing, so there's a
		-- small race here. Err on the side of caution
		-- by getting inprogress first, so if it takes
		-- a while, we'll see any decrease in the free
		-- disk space.
		inprogress <- if samefilesystem
			then sizeOfDownloadsInProgress (/= key)
			else pure 0
		free <- liftIO . getDiskFree =<< dir
		case (free, fromMaybe 1 (keySize key)) of
			(Just have, need) -> do
				reserve <- annexDiskReserve <$> Annex.getGitConfig
				let delta = need + reserve - have - alreadythere + inprogress
				let ok = delta <= 0
				unless ok $
					needmorespace delta
				return ok
			_ -> return True
	)
  where
	dir = maybe (fromRepo gitAnnexDir) return destination
	needmorespace n =
		warning $ "not enough free space, need " ++ 
			roughSize storageUnits True n ++
			" more" ++ forcemsg
	forcemsg = " (use --force to override this check or adjust annex.diskreserve)"

{- Moves a key's content into .git/annex/objects/
 -
 - When a key has associated pointer files, the object is hard
 - linked (or copied) to the files, and the object file is left thawed.
 
 - In direct mode, moves the object file to the associated file, or files.
 -
 - What if the key there already has content? This could happen for
 - various reasons; perhaps the same content is being annexed again.
 - Perhaps there has been a hash collision generating the keys.
 -
 - The current strategy is to assume that in this case it's safe to delete
 - one of the two copies of the content; and the one already in the annex
 - is left there, assuming it's the original, canonical copy.
 -
 - I considered being more paranoid, and checking that both files had
 - the same content. Decided against it because A) users explicitly choose
 - a backend based on its hashing properties and so if they're dealing
 - with colliding files it's their own fault and B) adding such a check
 - would not catch all cases of colliding keys. For example, perhaps 
 - a remote has a key; if it's then added again with different content then
 - the overall system now has two different peices of content for that
 - key, and one of them will probably get deleted later. So, adding the
 - check here would only raise expectations that git-annex cannot truely
 - meet.
 -}
moveAnnex :: Key -> FilePath -> Annex ()
moveAnnex key src = withObjectLoc key storeobject storedirect
  where
	storeobject dest = ifM (liftIO $ doesFileExist dest)
		( alreadyhave
		, modifyContent dest $ do
			liftIO $ moveFile src dest
			fs <- Database.Keys.getAssociatedFiles key
			if null fs
				then freezeContent dest
				else mapM_ (populatePointerFile key dest) fs
		)
	storeindirect = storeobject =<< calcRepo (gitAnnexLocation key)

	{- In direct mode, the associated file's content may be locally
	 - modified. In that case, it's preserved. However, the content
	 - we're moving into the annex may be the only extant copy, so
	 - it's important we not lose it. So, when the key's content
	 - cannot be moved to any associated file, it's stored in indirect
	 - mode.
	 -}
	storedirect = storedirect' storeindirect
	storedirect' fallback [] = fallback
	storedirect' fallback (f:fs) = do
		thawContent src
		v <- isAnnexLink f
		if Just key == v
			then do
				updateInodeCache key src
				replaceFile f $ liftIO . moveFile src
				chmodContent f
				forM_ fs $
					addContentWhenNotPresent key f
			else ifM (goodContent key f)
				( storedirect' alreadyhave fs
				, storedirect' fallback fs
				)
	
	alreadyhave = liftIO $ removeFile src

populatePointerFile :: Key -> FilePath -> FilePath -> Annex ()
populatePointerFile k obj f = go =<< isPointerFile f
  where
	go (Just k') | k == k' = liftIO $ do
		nukeFile f
		unlessM (catchBoolIO $ createLinkOrCopy obj f) $
			writeFile f (formatPointer k)
	go _ = return ()

{- Hard links a file into .git/annex/objects/, falling back to a copy
 - if necessary.
 -
 - Does not lock down the hard linked object, so that the user can modify
 - the source file. So, adding an object to the annex this way can
 - prevent losing the content if the source file is deleted, but does not
 - guard against modifications.
 -}
linkAnnex :: Key -> FilePath -> Annex LinkAnnexResult
linkAnnex key src = do
	dest <- calcRepo (gitAnnexLocation key)
	ifM (liftIO $ doesFileExist dest)
		( return LinkAnnexNoop
		, modifyContent dest $
			ifM (liftIO $ createLinkOrCopy src dest)
				( return LinkAnnexOk
				, return LinkAnnexFailed
				)
		)

data LinkAnnexResult = LinkAnnexOk | LinkAnnexFailed | LinkAnnexNoop

{- Runs an action to transfer an object's content.
 -
 - In direct mode, it's possible for the file to change as it's being sent.
 - If this happens, runs the rollback action and returns False. The
 - rollback action should remove the data that was transferred.
 -}
sendAnnex :: Key -> Annex () -> (FilePath -> Annex Bool) -> Annex Bool
sendAnnex key rollback sendobject = go =<< prepSendAnnex key
  where
	go Nothing = return False
	go (Just (f, checksuccess)) = do
		r <- sendobject f
		ifM checksuccess
			( return r
			, do
				rollback
				return False
			)

{- Returns a file that contains an object's content,
 - and a check to run after the transfer is complete.
 -
 - In direct mode, it's possible for the file to change as it's being sent,
 - and the check detects this case and returns False.
 -
 - Note that the returned check action is, in some cases, run in the
 - Annex monad of the remote that is receiving the object, rather than
 - the sender. So it cannot rely on Annex state.
 -}
prepSendAnnex :: Key -> Annex (Maybe (FilePath, Annex Bool))
prepSendAnnex key = withObjectLoc key indirect direct
  where
	indirect f = return $ Just (f, return True)
	direct [] = return Nothing
	direct (f:fs) = do
		cache <- recordedInodeCache key
		-- check that we have a good file
		ifM (sameInodeCache f cache)
			( return $ Just (f, sameInodeCache f cache)
			, direct fs
			)

{- Performs an action, passing it the location to use for a key's content.
 -
 - In direct mode, the associated files will be passed. But, if there are
 - no associated files for a key, the indirect mode action will be
 - performed instead. -}
withObjectLoc :: Key -> (FilePath -> Annex a) -> ([FilePath] -> Annex a) -> Annex a
withObjectLoc key indirect direct = ifM isDirect
	( do
		fs <- associatedFiles key
		if null fs
			then goindirect
			else direct fs
	, goindirect
	)
  where
	goindirect = indirect =<< calcRepo (gitAnnexLocation key)

cleanObjectLoc :: Key -> Annex () -> Annex ()
cleanObjectLoc key cleaner = do
	file <- calcRepo $ gitAnnexLocation key
	void $ tryIO $ thawContentDir file
	cleaner
	liftIO $ removeparents file (3 :: Int)
  where
	removeparents _ 0 = noop
	removeparents file n = do
		let dir = parentDir file
		maybe noop (const $ removeparents dir (n-1))
			<=< catchMaybeIO $ removeDirectory dir

{- Removes a key's file from .git/annex/objects/
 -
 - When a key has associated pointer files, they are checked for
 - modifications, and if unmodified, are reset.
 -
 - In direct mode, deletes the associated files or files, and replaces
 - them with symlinks.
 -}
removeAnnex :: ContentRemovalLock -> Annex ()
removeAnnex (ContentRemovalLock key) = withObjectLoc key remove removedirect
  where
	remove file = cleanObjectLoc key $ do
		secureErase file
		liftIO $ nukeFile file
		removeInodeCache key
		mapM_ (void . tryIO . resetPointerFile key)
			=<< Database.Keys.getAssociatedFiles key
	removedirect fs = do
		cache <- recordedInodeCache key
		removeInodeCache key
		mapM_ (resetfile cache) fs
	resetfile cache f = whenM (sameInodeCache f cache) $ do
		l <- calcRepo $ gitAnnexLink f key
		secureErase f
		replaceFile f $ makeAnnexLink l

{- To safely reset a pointer file, it has to be the unmodified content of
 - the key. The expensive way to tell is to do a verification of its content.
 - The cheaper way is to see if the InodeCache for the key matches the
 - file.
 -}
resetPointerFile :: Key -> FilePath -> Annex ()
resetPointerFile key f = go =<< geti
  where
	go Nothing = noop
	go (Just fc) = ifM (cheapcheck fc <||> expensivecheck fc)
		( do
			secureErase f
			liftIO $ nukeFile f
			liftIO $ writeFile f (formatPointer key)
		, noop
		)
	cheapcheck fc = maybe (return False) (compareInodeCaches fc)
		=<< Database.Keys.getInodeCache key
	expensivecheck fc = ifM (verifyKeyContent AlwaysVerify Types.Remote.UnVerified key f)
		-- The file could have been modified while it was
		-- being verified. Detect that.
		( geti >>= maybe (return False) (compareInodeCaches fc)
		, return False
		)
	geti = withTSDelta (liftIO . genInodeCache f)

{- Runs the secure erase command if set, otherwise does nothing.
 - File may or may not be deleted at the end; caller is responsible for
 - making sure it's deleted. -}
secureErase :: FilePath -> Annex ()
secureErase file = maybe noop go =<< annexSecureEraseCommand <$> Annex.getGitConfig
  where
	go basecmd = void $ liftIO $
		boolSystem "sh" [Param "-c", Param $ gencmd basecmd]
	gencmd = massReplace [ ("%file", shellEscape file) ]

{- Moves a key out of .git/annex/objects/ into .git/annex/bad, and
 - returns the file it was moved to. -}
moveBad :: Key -> Annex FilePath
moveBad key = do
	src <- calcRepo $ gitAnnexLocation key
	bad <- fromRepo gitAnnexBadDir
	let dest = bad </> takeFileName src
	createAnnexDirectory (parentDir dest)
	cleanObjectLoc key $
		liftIO $ moveFile src dest
	logStatus key InfoMissing
	return dest

data KeyLocation = InAnnex | InRepository

{- List of keys whose content exists in the specified location.
 
 - InAnnex only lists keys under .git/annex/objects,
 - while InRepository, in direct mode, also finds keys located in the
 - work tree.
 -
 - Note that InRepository has to check whether direct mode files
 - have goodContent.
 -}
getKeysPresent :: KeyLocation -> Annex [Key]
getKeysPresent keyloc = do
	direct <- isDirect
	dir <- fromRepo gitAnnexObjectDir
	s <- getstate direct
	depth <- gitAnnexLocationDepth <$> Annex.getGitConfig
	liftIO $ walk s direct depth dir
  where
	walk s direct depth dir = do
		contents <- catchDefaultIO [] (dirContents dir)
		if depth < 2
			then do
				contents' <- filterM (present s direct) contents
				let keys = mapMaybe (fileKey . takeFileName) contents'
				continue keys []
			else do
				let deeper = walk s direct (depth - 1)
				continue [] (map deeper contents)
	continue keys [] = return keys
	continue keys (a:as) = do
		{- Force lazy traversal with unsafeInterleaveIO. -}
		morekeys <- unsafeInterleaveIO a
		continue (morekeys++keys) as

	present _ False d = presentInAnnex d
	present s True d = presentDirect s d <||> presentInAnnex d

	presentInAnnex = doesFileExist . contentfile
	contentfile d = d </> takeFileName d

	presentDirect s d = case keyloc of
		InAnnex -> return False
		InRepository -> case fileKey (takeFileName d) of
			Nothing -> return False
			Just k -> Annex.eval s $ 
				anyM (goodContent k) =<< associatedFiles k

	{- In order to run Annex monad actions within unsafeInterleaveIO,
	 - the current state is taken and reused. No changes made to this
	 - state will be preserved. 
	 -
	 - As an optimsation, call inodesChanged to prime the state with
	 - a cached value that will be used in the call to goodContent.
	 -}
	getstate direct = do
		when direct $
			void inodesChanged
		Annex.getState id

{- Things to do to record changes to content when shutting down.
 -
 - It's acceptable to avoid committing changes to the branch,
 - especially if performing a short-lived action.
 -}
saveState :: Bool -> Annex ()
saveState nocommit = doSideAction $ do
	Annex.Queue.flush
	unless nocommit $
		whenM (annexAlwaysCommit <$> Annex.getGitConfig) $
			Annex.Branch.commit "update"

{- Downloads content from any of a list of urls. -}
downloadUrl :: Key -> MeterUpdate -> [Url.URLString] -> FilePath -> Annex Bool
downloadUrl k p urls file = concurrentMeteredFile file (Just p) k $
	go =<< annexWebDownloadCommand <$> Annex.getGitConfig
  where
	go Nothing = do
		a <- ifM commandProgressDisabled
			( return Url.downloadQuiet
			, return Url.download
			)
		Url.withUrlOptions $ \uo ->
			anyM (\u -> a u file uo) urls
	go (Just basecmd) = anyM (downloadcmd basecmd) urls
	downloadcmd basecmd url =
		progressCommand "sh" [Param "-c", Param $ gencmd url basecmd]
			<&&> liftIO (doesFileExist file)
	gencmd url = massReplace
		[ ("%file", shellEscape file)
		, ("%url", shellEscape url)
		]

{- Copies a key's content, when present, to a temp file.
 - This is used to speed up some rsyncs. -}
preseedTmp :: Key -> FilePath -> Annex Bool
preseedTmp key file = go =<< inAnnex key
  where
	go False = return False
	go True = do
		ok <- copy
		when ok $ thawContent file
		return ok
	copy = ifM (liftIO $ doesFileExist file)
		( return True
		, do
			s <- calcRepo $ gitAnnexLocation key
			liftIO $ ifM (doesFileExist s)
				( copyFileExternal CopyTimeStamps s file
				, return False
				)
		)

{- Normally, blocks writing to an annexed file, and modifies file
 - permissions to allow reading it.
 -
 - When core.sharedRepository is set, the write bits are not removed from
 - the file, but instead the appropriate group write bits are set. This is
 - necessary to let other users in the group lock the file.
 -}
freezeContent :: FilePath -> Annex ()
freezeContent file = unlessM crippledFileSystem $
	withShared go
  where
	go GroupShared = liftIO $ modifyFileMode file $
		addModes [ownerReadMode, groupReadMode, ownerWriteMode, groupWriteMode]
	go AllShared = liftIO $ modifyFileMode file $
		addModes (readModes ++ writeModes)
	go _ = liftIO $ modifyFileMode file $
		removeModes writeModes .
		addModes [ownerReadMode]

{- Adjusts read mode of annexed file per core.sharedRepository setting. -}
chmodContent :: FilePath -> Annex ()
chmodContent file = unlessM crippledFileSystem $
	withShared go
  where
	go GroupShared = liftIO $ modifyFileMode file $
		addModes [ownerReadMode, groupReadMode]
	go AllShared = liftIO $ modifyFileMode file $
		addModes readModes
	go _ = liftIO $ modifyFileMode file $
		addModes [ownerReadMode]

{- Allows writing to an annexed file that freezeContent was called on
 - before. -}
thawContent :: FilePath -> Annex ()
thawContent file = unlessM crippledFileSystem $
	withShared go
  where
	go GroupShared = liftIO $ groupWriteRead file
	go AllShared = liftIO $ groupWriteRead file
	go _ = liftIO $ allowWrite file

{- Finds files directly inside a directory like gitAnnexBadDir 
 - (not in subdirectories) and returns the corresponding keys. -}
dirKeys :: (Git.Repo -> FilePath) -> Annex [Key]
dirKeys dirspec = do
	dir <- fromRepo dirspec
	ifM (liftIO $ doesDirectoryExist dir)
		( do
			contents <- liftIO $ getDirectoryContents dir
			files <- liftIO $ filterM doesFileExist $
				map (dir </>) contents
			return $ mapMaybe (fileKey . takeFileName) files
		, return []
		)

{- Looks in the specified directory for bad/tmp keys, and returns a list
 - of those that might still have value, or might be stale and removable.
 - 
 - Also, stale keys that can be proven to have no value
 - (ie, their content is already present) are deleted.
 -}
staleKeysPrune :: (Git.Repo -> FilePath) -> Bool -> Annex [Key]
staleKeysPrune dirspec nottransferred = do
	contents <- dirKeys dirspec
	
	dups <- filterM inAnnex contents
	let stale = contents `exclude` dups

	dir <- fromRepo dirspec
	liftIO $ forM_ dups $ \t -> removeFile $ dir </> keyFile t

	if nottransferred
		then do
			inprogress <- S.fromList . map (transferKey . fst)
				<$> getTransfers
			return $ filter (`S.notMember` inprogress) stale
		else return stale

{- Finds items in the first, smaller list, that are not
 - present in the second, larger list.
 - 
 - Constructing a single set, of the list that tends to be
 - smaller, appears more efficient in both memory and CPU
 - than constructing and taking the S.difference of two sets. -}
exclude :: Ord a => [a] -> [a] -> [a]
exclude [] _ = [] -- optimisation
exclude smaller larger = S.toList $ remove larger $ S.fromList smaller
  where
	remove a b = foldl (flip S.delete) b a