git-annex/Annex/Verify.hs

{- verification
 -
 - Copyright 2010-2024 Joey Hess <id@joeyh.name>
 -
 - Licensed under the GNU AGPL version 3 or higher.
 -}

{-# LANGUAGE CPP #-}
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-}

module Annex.Verify (
	shouldVerify,
	verifyKeyContentPostRetrieval,
	verifyKeyContent,
	verifyKeyContent',
	Verification(..),
	unVerified,
	warnUnverifiableInsecure,
	isVerifiable,
	startVerifyKeyContentIncrementally,
	finishVerifyKeyContentIncrementally,
	verifyKeyContentIncrementally,
	IncrementalVerifier(..),
	writeVerifyChunk,
	resumeVerifyFromOffset,
	tailVerify,
) where

import Annex.Common
import qualified Annex
import qualified Types.Remote
import Types.Remote (VerifyConfigA(..))
import qualified Types.Backend
import qualified Backend
import Types.Remote (unVerified, Verification(..), RetrievalSecurityPolicy(..))
import Utility.Hash (IncrementalVerifier(..))
import Utility.Metered
import Annex.WorkerPool
import Types.WorkerPool
import Types.Key

import Control.Concurrent.STM
import Control.Concurrent.Async
import qualified Data.ByteString as S
#if WITH_INOTIFY
import qualified System.INotify as INotify
import qualified System.FilePath.ByteString as P
#endif

shouldVerify :: VerifyConfig -> Annex Bool
shouldVerify AlwaysVerify = return True
shouldVerify NoVerify = return False
shouldVerify DefaultVerify = annexVerify <$> Annex.getGitConfig
shouldVerify (RemoteVerify r) = 
	(shouldVerify DefaultVerify
			<&&> pure (remoteAnnexVerify (Types.Remote.gitconfig r)))
	-- Export remotes are not key/value stores, so always verify
	-- content from them even when verification is disabled.
	<||> Types.Remote.isExportSupported r

{- Verifies that a file is the expected content of a key.
 -
 - Configuration can prevent verification, for either a
 - particular remote or always, unless the RetrievalSecurityPolicy
 - requires verification.
 -
 - Most keys have a known size, and if so, the file size is checked.
 -
 - When the key's backend allows verifying the content (via checksum),
 - it is checked. 
 -
 - If the RetrievalSecurityPolicy requires verification and the key's
 - backend doesn't support it, the verification will fail.
 -}
verifyKeyContentPostRetrieval :: RetrievalSecurityPolicy -> VerifyConfig -> Verification -> Key -> RawFilePath -> Annex Bool
verifyKeyContentPostRetrieval rsp v verification k f = case (rsp, verification) of
	(_, Verified) -> return True
	(RetrievalVerifiableKeysSecure, _) -> ifM (isVerifiable k)
		( verify
		, ifM (annexAllowUnverifiedDownloads <$> Annex.getGitConfig)
			( verify
			, warnUnverifiableInsecure k >> return False
			)
		)
	(_, UnVerified) -> ifM (shouldVerify v)
		( verify
		, return True
		)
	(_, IncompleteVerify _) -> ifM (shouldVerify v)
		( verify
		, return True
		)
	(_, MustVerify) -> verify
	(_, MustFinishIncompleteVerify _) -> verify
  where
	verify = enteringStage VerifyStage $
		case verification of
			IncompleteVerify iv -> 
				resumeVerifyKeyContent k f iv
			MustFinishIncompleteVerify iv -> 
				resumeVerifyKeyContent k f iv
			_ -> verifyKeyContent k f

-- When possible, does an incremental verification, because that can be
-- faster. Eg, the VURL backend can need to try multiple checksums and only
-- with an incremental verification does it avoid reading files twice.
verifyKeyContent :: Key -> RawFilePath -> Annex Bool
verifyKeyContent k f = verifyKeySize k f <&&> verifyKeyContent' k f

-- Does not verify size.
verifyKeyContent' :: Key -> RawFilePath -> Annex Bool
verifyKeyContent' k f = 
	Backend.maybeLookupBackendVariety (fromKey keyVariety k) >>= \case
		Nothing -> return True
		Just b -> case (Types.Backend.verifyKeyContentIncrementally b, Types.Backend.verifyKeyContent b) of
			(Nothing, Nothing) -> return True
			(Just mkiv, mverifier) -> do
				iv <- mkiv k
				showAction (UnquotedString (descIncrementalVerifier iv))
				res <- liftIO $ catchDefaultIO Nothing $
					withBinaryFile (fromRawFilePath f) ReadMode $ \h -> do
						feedIncrementalVerifier h iv
						finalizeIncrementalVerifier iv
				case res of
					Just res' -> return res'
					Nothing -> case mverifier of
						Nothing -> return True
						Just verifier -> verifier k f
			(Nothing, Just verifier) -> verifier k f

resumeVerifyKeyContent :: Key -> RawFilePath -> IncrementalVerifier -> Annex Bool
resumeVerifyKeyContent k f iv = liftIO (positionIncrementalVerifier iv) >>= \case
	Nothing -> fallback
	Just endpos -> do
		fsz <- liftIO $ catchDefaultIO 0 $ getFileSize f
		if fsz < endpos
			then fallback
			else case fromKey keySize k of
				Just size | fsz /= size -> return False
				_ -> go fsz endpos >>= \case
					Just v -> return v
					Nothing -> fallback
  where
	fallback = verifyKeyContent k f

	go fsz endpos
		| fsz == endpos =
			liftIO $ catchDefaultIO (Just False) $
				finalizeIncrementalVerifier iv
		| otherwise = do
			showAction (UnquotedString (descIncrementalVerifier iv))
			liftIO $ catchDefaultIO (Just False) $
				withBinaryFile (fromRawFilePath f) ReadMode $ \h -> do
					hSeek h AbsoluteSeek endpos
					feedIncrementalVerifier h iv
					finalizeIncrementalVerifier iv
	
feedIncrementalVerifier :: Handle -> IncrementalVerifier -> IO ()
feedIncrementalVerifier h iv = do
	b <- S.hGetSome h chunk
	if S.null b
		then return ()
		else do
			updateIncrementalVerifier iv b
			feedIncrementalVerifier h iv
  where
	chunk = 65536

verifyKeySize :: Key -> RawFilePath -> Annex Bool
verifyKeySize k f = case fromKey keySize k of
	Just size -> do
		size' <- liftIO $ catchDefaultIO 0 $ getFileSize f
		return (size' == size)
	Nothing -> return True

warnUnverifiableInsecure :: Key -> Annex ()
warnUnverifiableInsecure k = warning $ UnquotedString $ unwords
	[ "Getting " ++ kv ++ " keys with this remote is not secure;"
	, "the content cannot be verified to be correct."
	, "(Use annex.security.allow-unverified-downloads to bypass"
	, "this safety check.)"
	]
  where
	kv = decodeBS (formatKeyVariety (fromKey keyVariety k))

isVerifiable :: Key -> Annex Bool
isVerifiable k = maybe False (isJust . Types.Backend.verifyKeyContent) 
	<$> Backend.maybeLookupBackendVariety (fromKey keyVariety k)

startVerifyKeyContentIncrementally :: VerifyConfig -> Key -> Annex (Maybe IncrementalVerifier)
startVerifyKeyContentIncrementally verifyconfig k = 
	ifM (shouldVerify verifyconfig)
		( Backend.maybeLookupBackendVariety (fromKey keyVariety k) >>= \case
			Just b -> case Types.Backend.verifyKeyContentIncrementally b of
				Just v -> Just <$> v k
				Nothing -> return Nothing
			Nothing -> return Nothing
		, return Nothing
		)

finishVerifyKeyContentIncrementally :: Maybe IncrementalVerifier -> Annex (Bool, Verification)
finishVerifyKeyContentIncrementally Nothing = 
	return (True, UnVerified)
finishVerifyKeyContentIncrementally (Just iv) =
	liftIO (finalizeIncrementalVerifier iv) >>= \case
		Just True -> return (True, Verified)
		Just False -> do
			warning "verification of content failed"
			return (False, UnVerified)
		-- Incremental verification was not able to be done.
		Nothing -> return (True, UnVerified)

verifyKeyContentIncrementally :: VerifyConfig -> Key -> (Maybe IncrementalVerifier -> Annex ()) -> Annex Verification
verifyKeyContentIncrementally verifyconfig k a = do
	miv <- startVerifyKeyContentIncrementally verifyconfig k
	a miv
	snd <$> finishVerifyKeyContentIncrementally miv

writeVerifyChunk :: Maybe IncrementalVerifier -> Handle -> S.ByteString -> IO ()
writeVerifyChunk (Just iv) h c = do
	S.hPut h c
	updateIncrementalVerifier iv c
writeVerifyChunk Nothing h c = S.hPut h c

{- Given a file handle that is open for reading (and likely also for writing),
 - and an offset, feeds the current content of the file up to the offset to
 - the  IncrementalVerifier. Leaves the file seeked to the offset.
 - Returns the meter with the offset applied. -}
resumeVerifyFromOffset
	:: Integer
	-> Maybe IncrementalVerifier
	-> MeterUpdate
	-> Handle
	-> IO MeterUpdate
resumeVerifyFromOffset o incrementalverifier meterupdate h
	| o /= 0 = do
		maybe noop (`go` o) incrementalverifier
		-- Make sure the handle is seeked to the offset.
		-- (Reading the file probably left it there
		-- when that was done, but let's be sure.)
		hSeek h AbsoluteSeek o
		return offsetmeterupdate
	| otherwise = return meterupdate
  where
	offsetmeterupdate = offsetMeterUpdate meterupdate (toBytesProcessed o)
	go iv n
		| n == 0 = return ()
		| otherwise = do
			let c = if n > fromIntegral defaultChunkSize
				then defaultChunkSize
				else fromIntegral n
			b <- S.hGet h c
			updateIncrementalVerifier iv b
			unless (b == S.empty) $
				go iv (n - fromIntegral (S.length b))

-- | Runs a writer action that retrieves to a file. In another thread,
-- reads the file as it grows, and feeds it to the incremental verifier.
-- 
-- Once the writer finishes, this returns quickly. It may not feed
-- the entire content of the file to the incremental verifier.
--
-- The file does not need to exist yet when this is called. It will wait
-- for the file to appear before opening it and starting verification.
--
-- This is not supported for all OSs, and on OS's where it is not
-- supported, verification will not happen.
--
-- The writer probably needs to be another process. If the file is being
-- written directly by git-annex, the haskell RTS will prevent opening it
-- for read at the same time, and verification will not happen.
--
-- Note that there are situations where the file may fail to verify despite
-- having the correct content. For example, when the file is written out
-- of order, or gets replaced part way through. To deal with such cases,
-- when verification fails, it should not be treated as if the file's
-- content is known to be incorrect, but instead as an indication that the
-- file should be verified again, once it's done being written to.
--
-- (It is also possible, in theory, for a file to verify despite having
-- incorrect content. For that to happen, the file would need to have
-- the right content when this checks it, but then the content gets
-- changed later by whatever is writing to the file.)
--
-- This should be fairly efficient, reading from the disk cache,
-- as long as the writer does not get very far ahead of it. However,
-- there are situations where it would be much less expensive to verify
-- chunks as they are being written. For example, when resuming with
-- a lot of content in the file, all that content needs to be read,
-- and if the disk is slow, the reader may never catch up to the writer,
-- and the disk cache may never speed up reads. So this should only be
-- used when there's not a better way to incrementally verify.
tailVerify :: Maybe IncrementalVerifier -> RawFilePath -> Annex a -> Annex a
tailVerify (Just iv) f writer = do
	finished <- liftIO newEmptyTMVarIO
	t <- liftIO $ async $ tailVerify' iv f finished
	let finishtail = do
		liftIO $ atomically $ putTMVar finished ()
		liftIO (wait t)
	writer `finally` finishtail
tailVerify Nothing _ writer = writer

tailVerify' :: IncrementalVerifier -> RawFilePath -> TMVar () -> IO ()
#if WITH_INOTIFY
tailVerify' iv f finished = 
	tryNonAsync go >>= \case
		Right r -> return r
		Left _ -> unableIncrementalVerifier iv
  where
	-- Watch the directory containing the file, and wait for
	-- the file to be modified. It's possible that the file already
	-- exists before the downloader starts, but it replaces it instead
	-- of resuming, and waiting for modification deals with such
	-- situations.
	inotifydirchange i cont =
		INotify.addWatch i [INotify.Modify] dir $ \case
			-- Ignore changes to other files in the directory.
			INotify.Modified { INotify.maybeFilePath = fn }
				| fn == Just basef -> cont
			_ -> noop
	  where
		(dir, basef) = P.splitFileName f
	
	inotifyfilechange i = INotify.addWatch i [INotify.Modify] f . const

	go = INotify.withINotify $ \i -> do
		modified <- newEmptyTMVarIO
		let signalmodified = atomically $ void $ tryPutTMVar modified ()
		wd <- inotifydirchange i signalmodified
		let cleanup = void . tryNonAsync . INotify.removeWatch
		let stop w = do
			cleanup w
			unableIncrementalVerifier iv
		waitopen modified >>= \case
			Nothing -> stop wd
			Just h -> do
				cleanup wd
				wf <- inotifyfilechange i signalmodified
				tryNonAsync (follow h modified) >>= \case
					Left _ -> stop wf
					Right () -> cleanup wf
				hClose h

	waitopen modified = do
		v <- atomically $
			(Just <$> takeTMVar modified)
				`orElse` 
			((const Nothing) <$> takeTMVar finished)
		case v of
			Just () -> do
				r <- tryNonAsync $
					tryWhenExists (openBinaryFile (fromRawFilePath f) ReadMode) >>= \case
						Just h -> return (Just h)
						-- File does not exist, must have been
						-- deleted. Wait for next modification
						-- and try again.
						Nothing -> waitopen modified
				case r of
					Right r' -> return r'
					-- Permission error prevents
					-- reading, or this same process
					-- is writing to the file,
					-- and it cannot be read at the
					-- same time.
					Left _ -> return Nothing
			-- finished without the file being modified
			Nothing -> return Nothing
	
	follow h modified = do
		b <- S.hGetNonBlocking h chunk
		if S.null b
			then do
				-- We've caught up to the writer.
				-- Wait for the file to get modified again,
				-- or until we're told it is done being
				-- written.
				cont <- atomically $
					(const (follow h modified)
						<$> takeTMVar modified)
							`orElse`
					(const (return ())
						<$> takeTMVar finished)
				cont
			else do
				updateIncrementalVerifier iv b
				atomically (tryTakeTMVar finished) >>= \case
					Nothing -> follow h modified
					Just () -> return ()

	chunk = 65536
#else
tailVerify' iv _ _ = unableIncrementalVerifier iv
#endif