30 KiB
browser-window
The BrowserWindow class gives you ability to create a browser window, an
example is:
var BrowserWindow = require('browser-window');
var win = new BrowserWindow({ width: 800, height: 600, show: false });
win.on('closed', function() {
win = null;
});
win.loadUrl('https://github.com');
win.show();
You can also create a window without chrome by using Frameless Window API.
Class: BrowserWindow
BrowserWindow is an
EventEmitter.
new BrowserWindow(options)
optionsObjectxInteger - Window's left offset to screenyInteger - Window's top offset to screenwidthInteger - Window's widthheightInteger - Window's heightuse-content-sizeBoolean - Thewidthandheightwould be used as web page's size, which means the actual window's size will include window frame's size and be slightly larger.centerBoolean - Show window in the center of the screenmin-widthInteger - Minimum widthmin-heightInteger - Minimum heightmax-widthInteger - Maximum widthmax-heightInteger - Maximum heightresizableBoolean - Whether window is resizablealways-on-topBoolean - Whether the window should always stay on top of other windowsfullscreenBoolean - Whether the window should show in fullscreen, when set tofalsethe fullscreen button would also be hidden on OS Xskip-taskbarBoolean - Do not show window in taskbarzoom-factorNumber - The default zoom factor of the page, zoom factor is zoom percent / 100, so3.0represents300%kioskBoolean - The kiosk modetitleString - Default window titleiconNativeImage - The window icon, when omitted on Windows the executable's icon would be used as window iconshowBoolean - Whether window should be shown when createdframeBoolean - Specifyfalseto create a Frameless Windownode-integrationBoolean - Whether node integration is enabled, default istrueaccept-first-mouseBoolean - Whether the web view accepts a single mouse-down event that simultaneously activates the windowdisable-auto-hide-cursorBoolean - Do not hide cursor when typingauto-hide-menu-barBoolean - Auto hide the menu bar unless theAltkey is pressed.enable-larger-than-screenBoolean - Enable the window to be resized larger than screen.dark-themeBoolean - Forces using dark theme for the window, only works on some GTK+3 desktop environmentspreloadString - Specifies a script that will be loaded before other scripts run in the window. This script will always have access to node APIs no matter whether node integration is turned on for the window, and the path ofpreloadscript has to be absolute path.transparentBoolean - Makes the window transparenttypeString - Specifies the type of the window, possible types aredesktop,dock,toolbar,splash,notification. This only works on Linux.standard-windowBoolean - Uses the OS X's standard window instead of the textured window. Defaults totrue.web-preferencesObject - Settings of web page's featuresjavascriptBooleanweb-securityBooleanimagesBooleanjavaBooleantext-areas-are-resizableBooleanwebglBooleanwebaudioBooleanpluginsBoolean - Whether plugins should be enabled, currently onlyNPAPIplugins are supported.extra-plugin-dirsArray - Array of paths that would be searched for plugins. Note that if you want to add a directory under your app, you should use__dirnameorprocess.resourcesPathto join the paths to make them absolute, using relative paths would make Electron search under current working directory.experimental-featuresBooleanexperimental-canvas-featuresBooleansubpixel-font-scalingBooleanoverlay-scrollbarsBooleanoverlay-fullscreen-videoBooleanshared-workerBooleandirect-writeBoolean - Whether the DirectWrite font rendering system on Windows is enabledpage-visibilityBoolean - Page would be forced to be always in visible or hidden state once set, instead of reflecting current window's visibility. Users can set it totrueto prevent throttling of DOM timers.
Creates a new BrowserWindow with native properties set by the options.
Usually you only need to set the width and height, other properties will
have decent default values.
Event: 'page-title-updated'
eventEvent
Emitted when the document changed its title, calling event.preventDefault()
would prevent the native window's title to change.
Event: 'close'
eventEvent
Emitted when the window is going to be closed. It's emitted before the
beforeunload and unload event of DOM, calling event.preventDefault()
would cancel the close.
Usually you would want to use the beforeunload handler to decide whether the
window should be closed, which will also be called when the window is
reloaded. In Electron, returning an empty string or false would cancel the
close. An example is:
window.onbeforeunload = function(e) {
console.log('I do not want to be closed');
// Unlike usual browsers, in which a string should be returned and the user is
// prompted to confirm the page unload, Electron gives developers more options.
// Returning empty string or false would prevent the unloading now.
// You can also use the dialog API to let the user confirm closing the application.
return false;
};
Event: 'closed'
Emitted when the window is closed. After you have received this event you should remove the reference to the window and avoid using it anymore.
Event: 'unresponsive'
Emitted when the web page becomes unresponsive.
Event: 'responsive'
Emitted when the unresponsive web page becomes responsive again.
Event: 'blur'
Emitted when window loses focus.
Event: 'focus'
Emitted when window gains focus.
Event: 'maximize'
Emitted when window is maximized.
Event: 'unmaximize'
Emitted when window exits from maximized state.
Event: 'minimize'
Emitted when window is minimized.
Event: 'restore'
Emitted when window is restored from minimized state.
Event: 'resize'
Emitted when window is getting resized.
Event: 'move'
Emitted when the window is getting moved to a new position.
Note: On OS X this event is just an alias of moved.
Event: 'moved'
Emitted once when the window is moved to a new position.
Note: This event is available only on OS X.
Event: 'enter-full-screen'
Emitted when window enters full screen state.
Event: 'leave-full-screen'
Emitted when window leaves full screen state.
Event: 'enter-html-full-screen'
Emitted when window enters full screen state triggered by html api.
Event: 'leave-html-full-screen'
Emitted when window leaves full screen state triggered by html api.
Event: 'devtools-opened'
Emitted when devtools is opened.
Event: 'devtools-closed'
Emitted when devtools is closed.
Event: 'devtools-focused'
Emitted when devtools is focused / opened.
Event: 'app-command':
Emitted when an App Command is invoked. These are typically related to keyboard media keys or browser commands, as well as the "Back" button built into some mice on Windows.
someWindow.on('app-command', function(e, cmd) {
// Navigate the window back when the user hits their mouse back button
if (cmd === 'browser-backward' && someWindow.webContents.canGoBack()) {
someWindow.webContents.goBack();
}
});
Note: This event is only fired on Windows.
Class Method: BrowserWindow.getAllWindows()
Returns an array of all opened browser windows.
Class Method: BrowserWindow.getFocusedWindow()
Returns the window that is focused in this application.
Class Method: BrowserWindow.fromWebContents(webContents)
webContentsWebContents
Find a window according to the webContents it owns
Class Method: BrowserWindow.fromId(id)
idInteger
Find a window according to its ID.
Class Method: BrowserWindow.addDevToolsExtension(path)
pathString
Adds devtools extension located at path, and returns extension's name.
The extension will be remembered so you only need to call this API once, this API is not for programming use.
Class Method: BrowserWindow.removeDevToolsExtension(name)
nameString
Remove the devtools extension whose name is name.
BrowserWindow.webContents
The WebContents object this window owns, all web page related events and
operations would be done via it.
Note: Users should never store this object because it may become null
when the renderer process (web page) has crashed.
BrowserWindow.devToolsWebContents
Get the WebContents of devtools of this window.
Note: Users should never store this object because it may become null
when the devtools has been closed.
BrowserWindow.id
Get the unique ID of this window.
BrowserWindow.destroy()
Force closing the window, the unload and beforeunload event won't be emitted
for the web page, and close event would also not be emitted
for this window, but it would guarantee the closed event to be emitted.
You should only use this method when the renderer process (web page) has crashed.
BrowserWindow.close()
Try to close the window, this has the same effect with user manually clicking the close button of the window. The web page may cancel the close though, see the close event.
BrowserWindow.focus()
Focus on the window.
BrowserWindow.isFocused()
Returns whether the window is focused.
BrowserWindow.show()
Shows and gives focus to the window.
BrowserWindow.showInactive()
Shows the window but doesn't focus on it.
BrowserWindow.hide()
Hides the window.
BrowserWindow.isVisible()
Returns whether the window is visible to the user.
BrowserWindow.maximize()
Maximizes the window.
BrowserWindow.unmaximize()
Unmaximizes the window.
BrowserWindow.isMaximized()
Returns whether the window is maximized.
BrowserWindow.minimize()
Minimizes the window. On some platforms the minimized window will be shown in the Dock.
BrowserWindow.restore()
Restores the window from minimized state to its previous state.
BrowserWindow.isMinimized()
Returns whether the window is minimized.
BrowserWindow.setFullScreen(flag)
flagBoolean
Sets whether the window should be in fullscreen mode.
BrowserWindow.isFullScreen()
Returns whether the window is in fullscreen mode.
BrowserWindow.setBounds(options)
optionsObjectxIntegeryIntegerwidthIntegerheightInteger
Resizes and moves the window to width, height, x, y.
BrowserWindow.getBounds()
Returns an object that contains window's width, height, x and y values.
BrowserWindow.setSize(width, height)
widthIntegerheightInteger
Resizes the window to width and height.
BrowserWindow.getSize()
Returns an array that contains window's width and height.
BrowserWindow.setContentSize(width, height)
widthIntegerheightInteger
Resizes the window's client area (e.g. the web page) to width and height.
BrowserWindow.getContentSize()
Returns an array that contains window's client area's width and height.
BrowserWindow.setMinimumSize(width, height)
widthIntegerheightInteger
Sets the minimum size of window to width and height.
BrowserWindow.getMinimumSize()
Returns an array that contains window's minimum width and height.
BrowserWindow.setMaximumSize(width, height)
widthIntegerheightInteger
Sets the maximum size of window to width and height.
BrowserWindow.getMaximumSize()
Returns an array that contains window's maximum width and height.
BrowserWindow.setResizable(resizable)
resizableBoolean
Sets whether the window can be manually resized by user.
BrowserWindow.isResizable()
Returns whether the window can be manually resized by user.
BrowserWindow.setAlwaysOnTop(flag)
flagBoolean
Sets whether the window should show always on top of other windows. After setting this, the window is still a normal window, not a toolbox window which can not be focused on.
BrowserWindow.isAlwaysOnTop()
Returns whether the window is always on top of other windows.
BrowserWindow.center()
Moves window to the center of the screen.
BrowserWindow.setPosition(x, y)
xIntegeryInteger
Moves window to x and y.
BrowserWindow.getPosition()
Returns an array that contains window's current position.
BrowserWindow.setTitle(title)
titleString
Changes the title of native window to title.
BrowserWindow.getTitle()
Returns the title of the native window.
Note: The title of web page can be different from the title of the native window.
BrowserWindow.flashFrame(flag)
flagBoolean
Starts or stops flashing the window to attract user's attention.
BrowserWindow.setSkipTaskbar(skip)
skipBoolean
Makes the window not show in the taskbar.
BrowserWindow.setKiosk(flag)
flagBoolean
Enters or leaves the kiosk mode.
BrowserWindow.isKiosk()
Returns whether the window is in kiosk mode.
BrowserWindow.setRepresentedFilename(filename)
filenameString
Sets the pathname of the file the window represents, and the icon of the file will show in window's title bar.
Note: This API is only available on OS X.
BrowserWindow.getRepresentedFilename()
Returns the pathname of the file the window represents.
Note: This API is only available on OS X.
BrowserWindow.setDocumentEdited(edited)
editedBoolean
Specifies whether the window’s document has been edited, and the icon in title
bar will become grey when set to true.
Note: This API is only available on OS X.
BrowserWindow.IsDocumentEdited()
Whether the window's document has been edited.
Note: This API is only available on OS X.
BrowserWindow.openDevTools([options])
optionsObjectdetachBoolean - opens devtools in a new window
Opens the developer tools.
BrowserWindow.closeDevTools()
Closes the developer tools.
BrowserWindow.isDevToolsOpened()
Returns whether the developer tools are opened.
BrowserWindow.toggleDevTools()
Toggle the developer tools.
BrowserWindow.inspectElement(x, y)
xIntegeryInteger
Starts inspecting element at position (x, y).
BrowserWindow.inspectServiceWorker()
Opens the developer tools for the service worker context present in the web contents.
BrowserWindow.focusOnWebView()
BrowserWindow.blurWebView()
BrowserWindow.capturePage([rect, ]callback)
rectObject - The area of page to be capturedxIntegeryIntegerwidthIntegerheightInteger
callbackFunction
Captures the snapshot of page within rect, upon completion callback would be
called with callback(image), the image is an instance of
NativeImage that stores data of the snapshot. Omitting the
rect would capture the whole visible page.
Note: Be sure to read documents on remote buffer in remote if you are going to use this API in renderer process.
BrowserWindow.print([options])
Same with webContents.print([options])
BrowserWindow.printToPDF(options, callback)
Same with webContents.printToPDF(options, callback)
BrowserWindow.loadUrl(url, [options])
Same with webContents.loadUrl(url, [options]).
BrowserWindow.reload()
Same with webContents.reload.
BrowserWindow.setMenu(menu)
menuMenu
Sets the menu as the window's menu bar, setting it to null will remove the
menu bar.
Note: This API is not available on OS X.
BrowserWindow.setProgressBar(progress)
progressDouble
Sets progress value in progress bar. Valid range is [0, 1.0].
Remove progress bar when progress < 0; Change to indeterminate mode when progress > 1.
On Linux platform, only supports Unity desktop environment, you need to specify
the *.desktop file name to desktopName field in package.json. By default,
it will assume app.getName().desktop.
BrowserWindow.setOverlayIcon(overlay, description)
overlayNativeImage - the icon to display on the bottom right corner of the taskbar icon. If this parameter isnull, the overlay is cleareddescriptionString - a description that will be provided to Accessibility screen readers
Sets a 16px overlay onto the current taskbar icon, usually used to convey some sort of application status or to passively notify the user.
Note: This API is only available on Windows (Windows 7 and above)
BrowserWindow.showDefinitionForSelection()
Shows pop-up dictionary that searches the selected word on the page.
Note: This API is only available on OS X.
BrowserWindow.setAutoHideMenuBar(hide)
hideBoolean
Sets whether the window menu bar should hide itself automatically. Once set the
menu bar will only show when users press the single Alt key.
If the menu bar is already visible, calling setAutoHideMenuBar(true) won't
hide it immediately.
BrowserWindow.isMenuBarAutoHide()
Returns whether menu bar automatically hides itself.
BrowserWindow.setMenuBarVisibility(visible)
visibleBoolean
Sets whether the menu bar should be visible. If the menu bar is auto-hide, users
can still bring up the menu bar by pressing the single Alt key.
BrowserWindow.isMenuBarVisible()
Returns whether the menu bar is visible.
BrowserWindow.setVisibleOnAllWorkspaces(visible)
visibleBoolean
Sets whether the window should be visible on all workspaces.
Note: This API does nothing on Windows.
BrowserWindow.isVisibleOnAllWorkspaces()
Returns whether the window is visible on all workspaces.
Note: This API always returns false on Windows.
Class: WebContents
A WebContents is responsible for rendering and controlling a web page.
WebContents is an
EventEmitter.
Event: 'did-finish-load'
Emitted when the navigation is done, i.e. the spinner of the tab will stop
spinning, and the onload event was dispatched.
Event: 'did-fail-load'
eventEventerrorCodeIntegererrorDescriptionString
This event is like did-finish-load, but emitted when the load failed or was
cancelled, e.g. window.stop() is invoked.
Event: 'did-frame-finish-load'
eventEventisMainFrameBoolean
Emitted when a frame has done navigation.
Event: 'did-start-loading'
Corresponds to the points in time when the spinner of the tab starts spinning.
Event: 'did-stop-loading'
Corresponds to the points in time when the spinner of the tab stops spinning.
Event: 'did-get-response-details'
eventEventstatusBooleannewUrlStringoriginalUrlStringhttpResponseCodeIntegerrequestMethodStringreferrerStringheadersObject
Emitted when details regarding a requested resource is available.
status indicates the socket connection to download the resource.
Event: 'did-get-redirect-request'
eventEventoldUrlStringnewUrlStringisMainFrameBoolean
Emitted when a redirect was received while requesting a resource.
Event: 'dom-ready'
eventEvent
Emitted when document in the given frame is loaded.
Event: 'page-favicon-updated'
eventEventfaviconsArray - Array of Urls
Emitted when page receives favicon urls.
Event: 'new-window'
eventEventurlStringframeNameStringdispositionString - Can bedefault,foreground-tab,background-tab,new-windowandother
Emitted when the page requested to open a new window for url. It could be
requested by window.open or an external link like <a target='_blank'>.
By default a new BrowserWindow will be created for the url.
Calling event.preventDefault() can prevent creating new windows.
Event: 'will-navigate'
eventEventurlString
Emitted when user or the page wants to start an navigation, it can happen when
window.location object is changed or user clicks a link in the page.
This event will not emit when the navigation is started programmatically with APIs
like WebContents.loadUrl and WebContents.back.
Calling event.preventDefault() can prevent the navigation.
Event: 'crashed'
Emitted when the renderer process is crashed.
Event: 'plugin-crashed'
eventEventnameStringversionString
Emitted when a plugin process is crashed.
Event: 'destroyed'
Emitted when the WebContents is destroyed.
WebContents.loadUrl(url, [options])
urlURLoptionsURLhttpReferrerString - A HTTP Referer urluserAgentString - A user agent originating the request
Loads the url in the window, the url must contains the protocol prefix,
e.g. the http:// or file://.
WebContents.getUrl()
Returns URL of current web page.
WebContents.getTitle()
Returns the title of web page.
WebContents.isLoading()
Returns whether web page is still loading resources.
WebContents.isWaitingForResponse()
Returns whether web page is waiting for a first-response for the main resource of the page.
WebContents.stop()
Stops any pending navigation.
WebContents.reload()
Reloads current page.
WebContents.reloadIgnoringCache()
Reloads current page and ignores cache.
WebContents.canGoBack()
Returns whether the web page can go back.
WebContents.canGoForward()
Returns whether the web page can go forward.
WebContents.canGoToOffset(offset)
offsetInteger
Returns whether the web page can go to offset.
WebContents.clearHistory()
Clears the navigation history.
WebContents.goBack()
Makes the web page go back.
WebContents.goForward()
Makes the web page go forward.
WebContents.goToIndex(index)
indexInteger
Navigates to the specified absolute index.
WebContents.goToOffset(offset)
offsetInteger
Navigates to the specified offset from the "current entry".
WebContents.isCrashed()
Whether the renderer process has crashed.
WebContents.setUserAgent(userAgent)
userAgentString
Overrides the user agent for this page.
WebContents.insertCSS(css)
cssString
Injects CSS into this page.
WebContents.executeJavaScript(code)
codeString
Evaluates code in page.
WebContents.setAudioMuted(muted)
mutedBoolean
Set the page muted.
WebContents.isAudioMuted()
Returns whether this page has been muted.
WebContents.undo()
Executes editing command undo in page.
WebContents.redo()
Executes editing command redo in page.
WebContents.cut()
Executes editing command cut in page.
WebContents.copy()
Executes editing command copy in page.
WebContents.paste()
Executes editing command paste in page.
WebContents.pasteAndMatchStyle()
Executes editing command pasteAndMatchStyle in page.
WebContents.delete()
Executes editing command delete in page.
WebContents.selectAll()
Executes editing command selectAll in page.
WebContents.unselect()
Executes editing command unselect in page.
WebContents.replace(text)
textString
Executes editing command replace in page.
WebContents.replaceMisspelling(text)
textString
Executes editing command replaceMisspelling in page.
WebContents.hasServiceWorker(callback)
callbackFunction
Checks if any serviceworker is registered and returns boolean as
response to callback.
WebContents.unregisterServiceWorker(callback)
callbackFunction
Unregisters any serviceworker if present and returns boolean as
response to callback when the JS promise is fullfilled or false
when the JS promise is rejected.
WebContents.print([options])
optionsObjectsilentBoolean - Don't ask user for print settings, defaults tofalseprintBackgroundBoolean - Also prints the background color and image of the web page, defaults tofalse.
Prints window's web page. When silent is set to false, Electron will pick
up system's default printer and default settings for printing.
Calling window.print() in web page is equivalent to call
WebContents.print({silent: false, printBackground: false}).
Note: On Windows, the print API relies on pdf.dll. If your application
doesn't need print feature, you can safely remove pdf.dll in saving binary
size.
WebContents.printToPDF(options, callback)
-
optionsObjectmarginsTypeInteger - Specify the type of margins to use- 0 - default
- 1 - none
- 2 - minimum
printBackgroundBoolean - Whether to print CSS backgrounds.printSelectionOnlyBoolean - Whether to print selection only.landscapeBoolean -truefor landscape,falsefor portrait.
-
callbackFunction -function(error, data) {}errorErrordataBuffer - PDF file content
Prints windows' web page as PDF with Chromium's preview printing custom settings.
By default, an empty options will be regarded as
{marginsType:0, printBackgrounds:false, printSelectionOnly:false, landscape:false}.
var BrowserWindow = require('browser-window');
var fs = require('fs');
var win = new BrowserWindow({width: 800, height: 600});
win.loadUrl("http://github.com");
win.webContents.on("did-finish-load", function() {
// Use default printing options
win.webContents.printToPDF({}, function(error, data) {
if (error) throw error;
fs.writeFile(dist, data, function(error) {
if (err)
alert('write pdf file error', error);
})
})
});
WebContents.send(channel[, args...])
channelString
Send args.. to the web page via channel in asynchronous message, the web
page can handle it by listening to the channel event of ipc module.
An example of sending messages from the main process to the renderer process:
// On the main process.
var window = null;
app.on('ready', function() {
window = new BrowserWindow({width: 800, height: 600});
window.loadUrl('file://' + __dirname + '/index.html');
window.webContents.on('did-finish-load', function() {
window.webContents.send('ping', 'whoooooooh!');
});
});
// index.html
<html>
<body>
<script>
require('ipc').on('ping', function(message) {
console.log(message); // Prints "whoooooooh!"
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
Note:
- The IPC message handler in web pages do not have a
eventparameter, which is different from the handlers on the main process. - There is no way to send synchronous messages from the main process to a renderer process, because it would be very easy to cause dead locks.
Class: WebContents.session.cookies
The cookies gives you ability to query and modify cookies, an example is:
var BrowserWindow = require('browser-window');
var win = new BrowserWindow({ width: 800, height: 600 });
win.loadUrl('https://github.com');
win.webContents.on('did-finish-load', function() {
// Query all cookies.
win.webContents.session.cookies.get({}, function(error, cookies) {
if (error) throw error;
console.log(cookies);
});
// Query all cookies that are associated with a specific url.
win.webContents.session.cookies.get({ url : "http://www.github.com" },
function(error, cookies) {
if (error) throw error;
console.log(cookies);
});
// Set a cookie with the given cookie data;
// may overwrite equivalent cookies if they exist.
win.webContents.session.cookies.set(
{ url : "http://www.github.com", name : "dummy_name", value : "dummy"},
function(error, cookies) {
if (error) throw error;
console.log(cookies);
});
});
WebContents.session.cookies.get(details, callback)
detailsObjecturlString - Retrieves cookies which are associated withurl. Empty imples retrieving cookies of all urls.nameString - Filters cookies by namedomainString - Retrieves cookies whose domains match or are subdomains ofdomainspathString - Retrieves cookies whose path matchespathsecureBoolean - Filters cookies by their Secure propertysessionBoolean - Filters out session or persistent cookies.
callbackFunction - function(error, cookies)errorErrorcookiesArray - array ofcookieobjects.cookie- ObjectnameString - The name of the cookievalueString - The value of the cookiedomainString - The domain of the cookiehost_onlyString - Whether the cookie is a host-only cookiepathString - The path of the cookiesecureBoolean - Whether the cookie is marked as Secure (typically HTTPS)http_onlyBoolean - Whether the cookie is marked as HttpOnlysessionBoolean - Whether the cookie is a session cookie or a persistent cookie with an expiration date.expirationDateDouble - (Option) The expiration date of the cookie as the number of seconds since the UNIX epoch. Not provided for session cookies.
WebContents.session.cookies.set(details, callback)
-
detailsObjecturlString - Retrieves cookies which are associated withurlnameString - The name of the cookie. Empty by default if omitted.valueString - The value of the cookie. Empty by default if omitted.domainString - The domain of the cookie. Empty by default if omitted.pathString - The path of the cookie. Empty by default if omitted.secureBoolean - Whether the cookie should be marked as Secure. Defaults to false.sessionBoolean - Whether the cookie should be marked as HttpOnly. Defaults to false.expirationDateDouble - The expiration date of the cookie as the number of seconds since the UNIX epoch. If omitted, the cookie becomes a session cookie.
-
callbackFunction - function(error)errorError
WebContents.session.cookies.remove(details, callback)
detailsObjecturlString - The URL associated with the cookienameString - The name of cookie to remove
callbackFunction - function(error)errorError