git-annex/Utility/Url.hs

{- Url downloading.
 -
 - Copyright 2011-2018 Joey Hess <id@joeyh.name>
 -
 - License: BSD-2-clause
 -}

{-# LANGUAGE CPP #-}
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-}
{-# LANGUAGE RankNTypes #-}
{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleContexts #-}

module Utility.Url (
	newManager,
	managerSettings,
	URLString,
	UserAgent,
	UrlOptions(..),
	defUrlOptions,
	mkUrlOptions,
	check,
	checkBoth,
	exists,
	UrlInfo(..),
	getUrlInfo,
	assumeUrlExists,
	download,
	downloadQuiet,
	downloadPartial,
	parseURIRelaxed,
	matchStatusCodeException,
	matchHttpExceptionContent,
) where

import Common
import Utility.Tmp.Dir
import qualified BuildInfo

import Network.URI
import Network.HTTP.Types
import qualified Data.CaseInsensitive as CI
import qualified Data.ByteString as B
import qualified Data.ByteString.UTF8 as B8
import qualified Data.ByteString.Lazy as L
import Control.Monad.Trans.Resource
import Network.HTTP.Conduit
import Network.HTTP.Client (brRead, withResponse)

#if ! MIN_VERSION_http_client(0,5,0)
responseTimeoutNone :: Maybe Int
responseTimeoutNone = Nothing
#endif

managerSettings :: ManagerSettings
#if MIN_VERSION_http_conduit(2,1,7)
managerSettings = tlsManagerSettings
#else
managerSettings = conduitManagerSettings
#endif
	{ managerResponseTimeout = responseTimeoutNone }

type URLString = String

type Headers = [String]

type UserAgent = String

data UrlOptions = UrlOptions
	{ userAgent :: Maybe UserAgent
	, reqHeaders :: Headers
	, reqParams :: [CommandParam]
	, applyRequest :: Request -> Request
	, httpManager :: Manager
	}

defUrlOptions :: IO UrlOptions
defUrlOptions = UrlOptions
	<$> pure Nothing
	<*> pure []
	<*> pure []
	<*> pure id
	<*> newManager managerSettings

mkUrlOptions :: Maybe UserAgent -> Headers -> [CommandParam] -> Manager -> UrlOptions
mkUrlOptions defuseragent reqheaders reqparams manager =
	UrlOptions useragent reqheaders reqparams applyrequest manager
  where
	applyrequest = \r -> r { requestHeaders = requestHeaders r ++ addedheaders }
	addedheaders = uaheader ++ otherheaders
	useragent = maybe defuseragent (Just . B8.toString . snd)
		(headMaybe uafromheaders)
	uaheader = case useragent of
		Nothing -> []
		Just ua -> [(hUserAgent, B8.fromString ua)]
	(uafromheaders, otherheaders) = partition (\(h, _) -> h == hUserAgent)
		(map toheader reqheaders)
	toheader s =
		let (h, v) = separate (== ':') s
		    h' = CI.mk (B8.fromString h)
		in case v of
			(' ':v') -> (h', B8.fromString v')
			_ -> (h', B8.fromString v)

addUserAgent :: UrlOptions -> [CommandParam] -> [CommandParam]
addUserAgent uo ps = case userAgent uo of
	Nothing -> ps
	-- --user-agent works for both wget and curl commands
	Just ua -> ps ++ [Param "--user-agent", Param ua] 

{- Checks that an url exists and could be successfully downloaded,
 - also checking that its size, if available, matches a specified size. -}
checkBoth :: URLString -> Maybe Integer -> UrlOptions -> IO Bool
checkBoth url expected_size uo = do
	v <- check url expected_size uo
	return (fst v && snd v)

check :: URLString -> Maybe Integer -> UrlOptions -> IO (Bool, Bool)
check url expected_size uo = go <$> getUrlInfo url uo
  where
	go (UrlInfo False _ _) = (False, False)
	go (UrlInfo True Nothing _) = (True, True)
	go (UrlInfo True s _) = case expected_size of
		Just _ -> (True, expected_size == s)
		Nothing -> (True, True)

exists :: URLString -> UrlOptions -> IO Bool
exists url uo = urlExists <$> getUrlInfo url uo

data UrlInfo = UrlInfo
	{ urlExists :: Bool
	, urlSize :: Maybe Integer
	, urlSuggestedFile :: Maybe FilePath
	}
	deriving (Show)

assumeUrlExists :: UrlInfo
assumeUrlExists = UrlInfo True Nothing Nothing

{- Checks that an url exists and could be successfully downloaded,
 - also returning its size and suggested filename if available. -}
getUrlInfo :: URLString -> UrlOptions -> IO UrlInfo
getUrlInfo url uo = case parseURIRelaxed url of
	Just u -> case parseUrlConduit (show u) of
		Just req -> catchJust
			-- When http redirects to a protocol which 
			-- conduit does not support, it will throw
			-- a StatusCodeException with found302.
			(matchStatusCodeException (== found302))
			(existsconduit req)
			(const (existscurl u))
			`catchNonAsync` (const dne)
		-- http-conduit does not support file:, ftp:, etc urls,
		-- so fall back to reading files and using curl.
		Nothing
			| uriScheme u == "file:" -> do
				let f = unEscapeString (uriPath u)
				s <- catchMaybeIO $ getFileStatus f
				case s of
					Just stat -> do
						sz <- getFileSize' f stat
						found (Just sz) Nothing
					Nothing -> dne
			| BuildInfo.curl -> existscurl u
			| otherwise -> dne
	Nothing -> dne
  where
	dne = return $ UrlInfo False Nothing Nothing
	found sz f = return $ UrlInfo True sz f

	curlparams = addUserAgent uo $
		[ Param "-s"
		, Param "--head"
		, Param "-L", Param url
		, Param "-w", Param "%{http_code}"
		] ++ concatMap (\h -> [Param "-H", Param h]) (reqHeaders uo) ++ (reqParams uo)

	extractlencurl s = case lastMaybe $ filter ("Content-Length:" `isPrefixOf`) (lines s) of
		Just l -> case lastMaybe $ words l of
			Just sz -> readish sz
			_ -> Nothing
		_ -> Nothing
	
	extractlen = readish . B8.toString <=< firstheader hContentLength

	extractfilename = contentDispositionFilename . B8.toString
		<=< firstheader hContentDisposition

	firstheader h = headMaybe . map snd .
		filter (\p -> fst p == h) . responseHeaders

	existsconduit req = do
		let req' = headRequest (applyRequest uo req)
		runResourceT $ do
			resp <- http req' (httpManager uo)
			-- forces processing the response while
			-- within the runResourceT
			liftIO $ if responseStatus resp == ok200
				then found
					(extractlen resp)
					(extractfilename resp)
				else dne

	existscurl u = do
		output <- catchDefaultIO "" $
			readProcess "curl" $ toCommand curlparams
		let len = extractlencurl output
		let good = found len Nothing
		let isftp = or
			[ "ftp" `isInfixOf` uriScheme u
			-- Check to see if http redirected to ftp.
			, "Location: ftp://" `isInfixOf` output
			]
		case lastMaybe (lines output) of
			Just ('2':_:_) -> good
			-- don't try to parse ftp status codes; if curl
			-- got a length, it's good
			_ | isftp && isJust len -> good
			_ -> dne

-- Parse eg: attachment; filename="fname.ext"
-- per RFC 2616
contentDispositionFilename :: String -> Maybe FilePath
contentDispositionFilename s
	| "attachment; filename=\"" `isPrefixOf` s && "\"" `isSuffixOf` s =
		Just $ reverse $ drop 1 $ reverse $ 
			drop 1 $ dropWhile (/= '"') s
	| otherwise = Nothing

headRequest :: Request -> Request
headRequest r = r
	{ method = methodHead
	-- remove defaut Accept-Encoding header, to get actual,
	-- not gzip compressed size.
	, requestHeaders = (hAcceptEncoding, B.empty) :
		filter (\(h, _) -> h /= hAcceptEncoding)
		(requestHeaders r)
	}

{- Download a perhaps large file, with auto-resume of incomplete downloads.
 -
 - Uses wget or curl program for its progress bar and resuming support. 
 - Which program to use is determined at run time depending on which is
 - in path and which works best in a particular situation.
 -}
download :: URLString -> FilePath -> UrlOptions -> IO Bool
download = download' False

{- No output to stdout. -}
downloadQuiet :: URLString -> FilePath -> UrlOptions -> IO Bool
downloadQuiet = download' True

download' :: Bool -> URLString -> FilePath -> UrlOptions -> IO Bool
download' quiet url file uo = do
	case parseURIRelaxed url of
		Just u
			| uriScheme u == "file:" -> curl
			-- curl is preferred in quiet mode, because
			-- it displays http errors to stderr, while wget
			-- does not display them in quiet mode
			| quiet -> ifM (inPath "curl") (curl, wget)
			-- wget is preferred mostly because it has a better
			-- progress bar
			| otherwise -> ifM (inPath "wget") (wget , curl)
		_ -> return False
  where
	headerparams = map (\h -> Param $ "--header=" ++ h) (reqHeaders uo)
	wget = go "wget" $ headerparams ++ quietopt "-q" ++ wgetparams
	{- Regular wget needs --clobber to continue downloading an existing
	 - file. On Android, busybox wget is used, which does not
	 - support, or need that option.
	 -
	 - When the wget version is new enough, pass options for
	 - a less cluttered download display. Using -nv rather than -q
	 - avoids most clutter while still displaying http errors.
	 -}
#ifndef __ANDROID__
	wgetparams = concat
		[ if BuildInfo.wgetunclutter && not quiet
			then [Param "-nv", Param "--show-progress"]
			else []
		, [ Param "--clobber", Param "-c", Param "-O"]
		]
#else
	wgetparams = [Param "-c", Param "-O"]
#endif
	{- Uses the -# progress display, because the normal
	 - one is very confusing when resuming, showing
	 - the remainder to download as the whole file,
	 - and not indicating how much percent was
	 - downloaded before the resume. -}
	curl = do
		-- curl does not create destination file
		-- if the url happens to be empty, so pre-create.
		writeFile file ""
		go "curl" $ headerparams ++ quietopt "-sS" ++
			[ Param "-f"
			, Param "-L"
			, Param "-C", Param "-"
			, Param "-#"
			, Param "-o"
			]
	
	{- Run wget in a temp directory because it has been buggy
	 - and overwritten files in the current directory, even though
	 - it was asked to write to a file elsewhere. -}
	go cmd opts = withTmpDir "downloadurl" $ \tmp -> do
		absfile <- absPath file
		let ps = addUserAgent uo $ opts++reqParams uo++[File absfile, File url]
		boolSystem' cmd ps $ \p -> p { cwd = Just tmp }
	
	quietopt s
		| quiet = [Param s]
		| otherwise = []

{- Downloads at least the specified number of bytes from an url. -}
downloadPartial :: URLString -> UrlOptions -> Int -> IO (Maybe L.ByteString)
downloadPartial url uo n = case parseURIRelaxed url of
	Nothing -> return Nothing
	Just u -> go u `catchNonAsync` const (return Nothing)
  where
	go u = case parseUrlConduit (show u) of
		Nothing -> return Nothing
		Just req -> do
			let req' = applyRequest uo req
			withResponse req' (httpManager uo) $ \resp ->
				if responseStatus resp == ok200
					then Just <$> brread n [] (responseBody resp)
					else return Nothing

	-- could use brReadSome here, needs newer http-client dependency
	brread n' l rb
		| n' <= 0 = return (L.fromChunks (reverse l))
		| otherwise = do
			bs <- brRead rb
			if B.null bs
				then return (L.fromChunks (reverse l))
				else brread (n' - B.length bs) (bs:l) rb

{- Allows for spaces and other stuff in urls, properly escaping them. -}
parseURIRelaxed :: URLString -> Maybe URI
parseURIRelaxed s = maybe (parseURIRelaxed' s) Just $
	parseURI $ escapeURIString isAllowedInURI s

parseUrlConduit :: URLString -> Maybe Request
#if MIN_VERSION_http_client(0,4,30)
parseUrlConduit = parseUrlThrow
#else
parseUrlConduit = parseUrl
#endif

{- Some characters like '[' are allowed in eg, the address of
 - an uri, but cannot appear unescaped further along in the uri.
 - This handles that, expensively, by successively escaping each character
 - from the back of the url until the url parses.
 -}
parseURIRelaxed' :: URLString -> Maybe URI
parseURIRelaxed' s = go [] (reverse s)
  where
	go back [] = parseURI back
	go back (c:cs) = case parseURI (escapeURIString isAllowedInURI (reverse (c:cs)) ++ back) of
		Just u -> Just u
		Nothing -> go (escapeURIChar escapemore c ++ back) cs

	escapemore '[' = False
	escapemore ']' = False
	escapemore c = isAllowedInURI c

hAcceptEncoding :: CI.CI B.ByteString
hAcceptEncoding = "Accept-Encoding"

hContentDisposition :: CI.CI B.ByteString
hContentDisposition = "Content-Disposition"

{- Use with eg:
 -
 - > catchJust (matchStatusCodeException (== notFound404))
 -}
#if MIN_VERSION_http_client(0,5,0)
matchStatusCodeException :: (Status -> Bool) -> HttpException -> Maybe HttpException
matchStatusCodeException want e@(HttpExceptionRequest _ (StatusCodeException r _))
	| want (responseStatus r) = Just e
	| otherwise = Nothing
matchStatusCodeException _ _ = Nothing
#else
matchStatusCodeException :: (Status -> Bool) -> HttpException -> Maybe HttpException
matchStatusCodeException want e@(StatusCodeException s _ _)
	| want s = Just e
	| otherwise = Nothing
matchStatusCodeException _ _ = Nothing
#endif

#if MIN_VERSION_http_client(0,5,0)
matchHttpExceptionContent :: (HttpExceptionContent -> Bool) -> HttpException -> Maybe HttpException
matchHttpExceptionContent want e@(HttpExceptionRequest _ hec)
	| want hec = Just e
	| otherwise = Nothing
matchHttpExceptionContent _ _ = Nothing
#else
matchHttpExceptionContent :: (HttpException -> Bool) -> HttpException -> Maybe HttpException
matchHttpExceptionContent want e
	| want e = Just e
	| otherwise = Nothing
#endif