Felix Rieseberg 7932e28aa2 docs: Explain notarization, improve code-signing docs (#21373 )

* docs: Explain notarization

* Update docs/tutorial/code-signing.md

Co-Authored-By: Zeke Sikelianos <zeke@github.com>

2019-12-13 11:16:20 -05:00

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Code Signing

Code signing is a security technology that you use to certify that an app was created by you.

On macOS the system can detect any change to the app, whether the change is introduced accidentally or by malicious code.

On Windows the system assigns a trust level to your code signing certificate which if you don't have, or if your trust level is low will cause security dialogs to appear when users start using your application. Trust level builds over time so it's better to start code signing as early as possible.

While it is possible to distribute unsigned apps, it is not recommended. Both Windows and macOS will, by default, prevent either the download or the execution of unsigned applications. Starting with macOS Catalina (version 10.15), users have to go through multiple manual steps to open unsigned applications.

As you can see, users get two options: Move the app straight to the trash or cancel running it. You don't want your users to see that dialog.

If you are building an Electron app that you intend to package and distribute, it should be code-signed. The Mac and Windows app stores do not allow unsigned apps.

Signing macOS builds

Before signing macOS builds, you must do the following:

Enroll in the Apple Developer Program (requires an annual fee)
Download and install Xcode
Generate, download, and install signing certificates

There are a number of tools for signing your packaged app:

electron-osx-sign is a standalone tool for signing macOS packages.
electron-packager bundles electron-osx-sign. If you're using electron-packager, pass the --osx-sign=true flag to sign your build.
- electron-forge uses electron-packager internally, you can set the osxSign option in your forge config.
electron-builder has built-in code-signing capabilities. See electron.build/code-signing

Notarization

Starting with macOS Catalina, Apple requires applications to be notarized. "Notarization" as defined by Apple means that you upload your previously signed application to Apple for additional verification before distributing the app to your users.

To automate this process, you can use the electron-notarize module. You do not necessarily need to complete this step for every build you make – just the builds you intend to ship to users.

Mac App Store

See the Mac App Store Guide.

Signing Windows builds

Before signing Windows builds, you must do the following:

Get a Windows Authenticode code signing certificate (requires an annual fee)
Install Visual Studio 2015/2017 (to get the signing utility)

You can get a code signing certificate from a lot of resellers. Prices vary, so it may be worth your time to shop around. Popular resellers include:

digicert
Comodo
GoDaddy
Amongst others, please shop around to find one that suits your needs, Google is your friend :)