Xue Fuqiao dab9dad9db Update quick-start.md

node-webkit has been renamed to nw.js.

2015-03-04 16:18:51 +08:00

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Quick start

Introduction

Generally, atom-shell enables you to create desktop applications with pure JavaScript by providing a runtime with rich native APIs. You could see it as a variant of the Node.js runtime which is focused on desktop applications instead of web servers.

It doesn't mean atom-shell is a JavaScript binding to GUI libraries. Instead, atom-shell uses web pages as its GUI, so you could also see it as a minimal Chromium browser, controlled by JavaScript.

The browser side

If you have experience with Node.js web applications, you will know that there are two types of JavaScript scripts: the server side scripts and the client side scripts. Server-side JavaScript is that which runs on the Node.js runtime, while client-side JavaScript runs inside the user's browser.

In atom-shell we have similar concepts: Since atom-shell displays a GUI by showing web pages, we have scripts that run in the web page, and also scripts run by the atom-shell runtime, which creates those web pages. Like Node.js, we call them client scripts, and browser scripts (meaning the browser replaces the concept of the server here).

In traditional Node.js applications, communication between server and client is usually facilitated via web sockets. In atom-shell, we have provided the ipc module for browser to client communication, and the remote module for easy RPC support.

Web page and Node.js

Normal web pages are designed to not reach outside of the browser, which makes them unsuitable for interacting with native systems. Atom-shell provides Node.js APIs in web pages so you can access native resources from web pages, just like nw.js.

But unlike nw.js, you cannot do native GUI related operations in web pages. Instead you need to do them on the browser side by sending messages to it, or using the easy remote module.

Write your first atom-shell app

Generally, an atom-shell app would be structured like this (see the hello-atom repo for reference):

your-app/
├── package.json
├── main.js
└── index.html

The format of package.json is exactly the same as that of Node's modules, and the script specified by the main field is the startup script of your app, which will run on the browser side. An example of your package.json might look like this:

{
  "name"    : "your-app",
  "version" : "0.1.0",
  "main"    : "main.js"
}

The main.js should create windows and handle system events, a typical example being:

var app = require('app');  // Module to control application life.
var BrowserWindow = require('browser-window');  // Module to create native browser window.

// Report crashes to our server.
require('crash-reporter').start();

// Keep a global reference of the window object, if you don't, the window will
// be closed automatically when the javascript object is GCed.
var mainWindow = null;

// Quit when all windows are closed.
app.on('window-all-closed', function() {
  if (process.platform != 'darwin')
    app.quit();
});

// This method will be called when atom-shell has done everything
// initialization and ready for creating browser windows.
app.on('ready', function() {
  // Create the browser window.
  mainWindow = new BrowserWindow({width: 800, height: 600});

  // and load the index.html of the app.
  mainWindow.loadUrl('file://' + __dirname + '/index.html');

  // Emitted when the window is closed.
  mainWindow.on('closed', function() {
    // Dereference the window object, usually you would store windows
    // in an array if your app supports multi windows, this is the time
    // when you should delete the corresponding element.
    mainWindow = null;
  });
});

Finally the index.html is the web page you want to show:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>Hello World!</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>Hello World!</h1>
    We are using node.js <script>document.write(process.version)</script>
    and atom-shell <script>document.write(process.versions['atom-shell'])</script>.
  </body>
</html>

Run your app

After you're done writing your app, you can create a distribution by following the Application distribution guide and then execute the packaged app. You can also just use the downloaded atom-shell binary to execute your app directly.

On Windows:

$ .\atom-shell\atom.exe your-app\

On Linux:

$ ./atom-shell/atom your-app/

On OS X:

$ ./Atom.app/Contents/MacOS/Atom your-app/

Atom.app here is part of the atom-shell's release package, you can download it from here.

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