785 lines
24 KiB
Markdown
785 lines
24 KiB
Markdown
# BrowserWindow
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The `BrowserWindow` class gives you the ability to create a browser window. For
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example:
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```javascript
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// In the main process.
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const BrowserWindow = require('electron').BrowserWindow;
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// Or in the renderer process.
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const BrowserWindow = require('electron').remote.BrowserWindow;
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var win = new BrowserWindow({ width: 800, height: 600, show: false });
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win.on('closed', function() {
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win = null;
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});
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win.loadURL('https://github.com');
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win.show();
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```
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You can also create a window without chrome by using
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[Frameless Window](frameless-window.md) API.
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## Class: BrowserWindow
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`BrowserWindow` is an
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[EventEmitter](http://nodejs.org/api/events.html#events_class_events_eventemitter).
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It creates a new `BrowserWindow` with native properties as set by the `options`.
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### `new BrowserWindow([options])`
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* `options` Object
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* `width` Integer - Window's width in pixels. Default is `800`.
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* `height` Integer - Window's height in pixels. Default is `600`.
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* `x` Integer - Window's left offset from screen. Default is to center the
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window.
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* `y` Integer - Window's top offset from screen. Default is to center the
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window.
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* `useContentSize` Boolean - The `width` and `height` would be used as web
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page's size, which means the actual window's size will include window
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frame's size and be slightly larger. Default is `false`.
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* `center` Boolean - Show window in the center of the screen.
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* `minWidth` Integer - Window's minimum width. Default is `0`.
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* `minHeight` Integer - Window's minimum height. Default is `0`.
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* `maxWidth` Integer - Window's maximum width. Default is no limit.
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* `maxHeight` Integer - Window's maximum height. Default is no limit.
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* `resizable` Boolean - Whether window is resizable. Default is `true`.
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* `movable` Boolean - Whether window is movable. This is only implemented
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on OS X. Default is `true`.
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* `alwaysOnTop` Boolean - Whether the window should always stay on top of
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other windows. Default is `false`.
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* `fullscreen` Boolean - Whether the window should show in fullscreen. When
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set to `false` the fullscreen button will be hidden or disabled on OS X.
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Default is `false`.
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* `skipTaskbar` Boolean - Whether to show the window in taskbar. Default is
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`false`.
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* `kiosk` Boolean - The kiosk mode. Default is `false`.
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* `title` String - Default window title. Default is `"Electron"`.
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* `icon` [NativeImage](native-image.md) - The window icon, when omitted on
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Windows the executable's icon would be used as window icon.
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* `show` Boolean - Whether window should be shown when created. Default is
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`true`.
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* `frame` Boolean - Specify `false` to create a
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[Frameless Window](frameless-window.md). Default is `true`.
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* `acceptFirstMouse` Boolean - Whether the web view accepts a single
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mouse-down event that simultaneously activates the window. Default is
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`false`.
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* `disableAutoHideCursor` Boolean - Whether to hide cursor when typing.
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Default is `false`.
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* `autoHideMenuBar` Boolean - Auto hide the menu bar unless the `Alt`
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key is pressed. Default is `false`.
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* `enableLargerThanScreen` Boolean - Enable the window to be resized larger
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than screen. Default is `false`.
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* `backgroundColor` String - Window's background color as Hexadecimal value,
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like `#66CD00` or `#FFF`. This is only implemented on Linux and Windows.
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Default is `#000` (black).
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* `darkTheme` Boolean - Forces using dark theme for the window, only works on
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some GTK+3 desktop environments. Default is `false`.
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* `transparent` Boolean - Makes the window [transparent](frameless-window.md).
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Default is `false`.
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* `type` String - The type of window, default is normal window. See more about
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this below.
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* `titleBarStyle` String - The style of window title bar. See more about this
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below.
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* `webPreferences` Object - Settings of web page's features. See more about
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this below.
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The possible values and behaviors of `type` option are platform dependent,
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supported values are:
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* On Linux, possible types are `desktop`, `dock`, `toolbar`, `splash`,
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`notification`.
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* On OS X, possible types are `desktop`, `textured`.
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* The `textured` type adds metal gradient appearance
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(`NSTexturedBackgroundWindowMask`).
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* The `desktop` type places the window at the desktop background window level
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(`kCGDesktopWindowLevel - 1`). Note that desktop window will not receive
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focus, keyboard or mouse events, but you can use `globalShortcut` to receive
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input sparingly.
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The `titleBarStyle` option is only supported on OS X 10.10 Yosemite and newer.
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Possible values are:
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* `default` or not specified, results in the standard gray opaque Mac title
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bar.
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* `hidden` results in a hidden title bar and a full size content window, yet
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the title bar still has the standard window controls ("traffic lights") in
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the top left.
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* `hidden-inset` results in a hidden title bar with an alternative look
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where the traffic light buttons are slightly more inset from the window edge.
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The `webPreferences` option is an object that can have following properties:
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* `nodeIntegration` Boolean - Whether node integration is enabled. Default
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is `true`.
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* `preload` String - Specifies a script that will be loaded before other
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scripts run in the page. This script will always have access to node APIs
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no matter whether node integration is turned on or off. The value should
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be the absolute file path to the script.
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When node integration is turned off, the preload script can reintroduce
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Node global symbols back to the global scope. See example
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[here](process.md#event-loaded).
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* `session` [Session](session.md#class-session) - Sets the session used by the
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page. Instead of passing the Session object directly, you can also choose to
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use the `partition` option instead, which accepts a partition string. When
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both `session` and `partition` are provided, `session` would be preferred.
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Default is the default session.
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* `partition` String - Sets the session used by the page according to the
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session's partition string. If `partition` starts with `persist:`, the page
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will use a persistent session available to all pages in the app with the
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same `partition`. if there is no `persist:` prefix, the page will use an
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in-memory session. By assigning the same `partition`, multiple pages can share
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the same session. Default is the default session.
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* `zoomFactor` Number - The default zoom factor of the page, `3.0` represents
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`300%`. Default is `1.0`.
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* `javascript` Boolean - Enables JavaScript support. Default is `true`.
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* `webSecurity` Boolean - When setting `false`, it will disable the
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same-origin policy (Usually using testing websites by people), and set
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`allowDisplayingInsecureContent` and `allowRunningInsecureContent` to
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`true` if these two options are not set by user. Default is `true`.
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* `allowDisplayingInsecureContent` Boolean - Allow an https page to display
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content like images from http URLs. Default is `false`.
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* `allowRunningInsecureContent` Boolean - Allow a https page to run
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JavaScript, CSS or plugins from http URLs. Default is `false`.
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* `images` Boolean - Enables image support. Default is `true`.
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* `textAreasAreResizable` Boolean - Make TextArea elements resizable. Default
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is `true`.
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* `webgl` Boolean - Enables WebGL support. Default is `true`.
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* `webaudio` Boolean - Enables WebAudio support. Default is `true`.
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* `plugins` Boolean - Whether plugins should be enabled. Default is `false`.
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* `experimentalFeatures` Boolean - Enables Chromium's experimental features.
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Default is `false`.
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* `experimentalCanvasFeatures` Boolean - Enables Chromium's experimental
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canvas features. Default is `false`.
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* `directWrite` Boolean - Enables DirectWrite font rendering system on
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Windows. Default is `true`.
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* `blinkFeatures` String - A list of feature strings separated by `,`, like
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`CSSVariables,KeyboardEventKey`. The full list of supported feature strings
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can be found in the [setFeatureEnabledFromString][blink-feature-string]
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function.
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## Events
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The `BrowserWindow` object emits the following events:
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**Note:** Some events are only available on specific operating systems and are
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labeled as such.
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### Event: 'page-title-updated'
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Returns:
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* `event` Event
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Emitted when the document changed its title, calling `event.preventDefault()`
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would prevent the native window's title to change.
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### Event: 'close'
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Returns:
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* `event` Event
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Emitted when the window is going to be closed. It's emitted before the
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`beforeunload` and `unload` event of the DOM. Calling `event.preventDefault()`
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will cancel the close.
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Usually you would want to use the `beforeunload` handler to decide whether the
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window should be closed, which will also be called when the window is
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reloaded. In Electron, returning an empty string or `false` would cancel the
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close. For example:
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```javascript
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window.onbeforeunload = function(e) {
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console.log('I do not want to be closed');
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// Unlike usual browsers, in which a string should be returned and the user is
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// prompted to confirm the page unload, Electron gives developers more options.
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// Returning empty string or false would prevent the unloading now.
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// You can also use the dialog API to let the user confirm closing the application.
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e.returnValue = false;
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};
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```
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### Event: 'closed'
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Emitted when the window is closed. After you have received this event you should
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remove the reference to the window and avoid using it anymore.
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### Event: 'unresponsive'
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Emitted when the web page becomes unresponsive.
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### Event: 'responsive'
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Emitted when the unresponsive web page becomes responsive again.
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### Event: 'blur'
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Emitted when the window loses focus.
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### Event: 'focus'
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Emitted when the window gains focus.
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### Event: 'maximize'
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Emitted when window is maximized.
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### Event: 'unmaximize'
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Emitted when the window exits from maximized state.
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### Event: 'minimize'
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Emitted when the window is minimized.
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### Event: 'restore'
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Emitted when the window is restored from minimized state.
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### Event: 'resize'
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Emitted when the window is getting resized.
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### Event: 'move'
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Emitted when the window is getting moved to a new position.
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__Note__: On OS X this event is just an alias of `moved`.
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### Event: 'moved' _OS X_
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Emitted once when the window is moved to a new position.
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### Event: 'enter-full-screen'
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Emitted when the window enters full screen state.
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### Event: 'leave-full-screen'
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Emitted when the window leaves full screen state.
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### Event: 'enter-html-full-screen'
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Emitted when the window enters full screen state triggered by html api.
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### Event: 'leave-html-full-screen'
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Emitted when the window leaves full screen state triggered by html api.
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### Event: 'app-command' _Windows_
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Emitted when an [App Command](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms646275(v=vs.85).aspx)
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is invoked. These are typically related to keyboard media keys or browser
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commands, as well as the "Back" button built into some mice on Windows.
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```js
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someWindow.on('app-command', function(e, cmd) {
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// Navigate the window back when the user hits their mouse back button
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if (cmd === 'browser-backward' && someWindow.webContents.canGoBack()) {
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someWindow.webContents.goBack();
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}
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});
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```
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## Methods
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The `BrowserWindow` object has the following methods:
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### `BrowserWindow.getAllWindows()`
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Returns an array of all opened browser windows.
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### `BrowserWindow.getFocusedWindow()`
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Returns the window that is focused in this application, otherwise returns `null`.
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### `BrowserWindow.fromWebContents(webContents)`
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* `webContents` [WebContents](web-contents.md)
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Find a window according to the `webContents` it owns.
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### `BrowserWindow.fromId(id)`
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* `id` Integer
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Find a window according to its ID.
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### `BrowserWindow.addDevToolsExtension(path)`
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* `path` String
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Adds DevTools extension located at `path`, and returns extension's name.
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The extension will be remembered so you only need to call this API once, this
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API is not for programming use.
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### `BrowserWindow.removeDevToolsExtension(name)`
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* `name` String
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Remove the DevTools extension whose name is `name`.
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## Instance Properties
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Objects created with `new BrowserWindow` have the following properties:
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```javascript
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// In this example `win` is our instance
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var win = new BrowserWindow({ width: 800, height: 600 });
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```
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### `win.webContents`
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The `WebContents` object this window owns, all web page related events and
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operations will be done via it.
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See the [`webContents` documentation](web-contents.md) for its methods and
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events.
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### `win.id`
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The unique ID of this window.
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## Instance Methods
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Objects created with `new BrowserWindow` have the following instance methods:
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**Note:** Some methods are only available on specific operating systems and are
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labeled as such.
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### `win.destroy()`
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Force closing the window, the `unload` and `beforeunload` event won't be emitted
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for the web page, and `close` event will also not be emitted
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for this window, but it guarantees the `closed` event will be emitted.
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You should only use this method when the renderer process (web page) has
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crashed.
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### `win.close()`
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Try to close the window, this has the same effect with user manually clicking
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the close button of the window. The web page may cancel the close though, see
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the [close event](#event-close).
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### `win.focus()`
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Focus on the window.
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### `win.isFocused()`
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Returns a boolean, whether the window is focused.
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### `win.show()`
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Shows and gives focus to the window.
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### `win.showInactive()`
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Shows the window but doesn't focus on it.
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### `win.hide()`
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Hides the window.
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### `win.isVisible()`
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Returns a boolean, whether the window is visible to the user.
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### `win.maximize()`
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Maximizes the window.
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### `win.unmaximize()`
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Unmaximizes the window.
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### `win.isMaximized()`
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Returns a boolean, whether the window is maximized.
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### `win.minimize()`
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Minimizes the window. On some platforms the minimized window will be shown in
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the Dock.
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### `win.restore()`
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Restores the window from minimized state to its previous state.
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### `win.isMinimized()`
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Returns a boolean, whether the window is minimized.
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### `win.setFullScreen(flag)`
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* `flag` Boolean
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Sets whether the window should be in fullscreen mode.
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### `win.isFullScreen()`
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Returns a boolean, whether the window is in fullscreen mode.
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### `win.setAspectRatio(aspectRatio[, extraSize])` _OS X_
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* `aspectRatio` The aspect ratio we want to maintain for some portion of the
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content view.
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* `extraSize` Object (optional) - The extra size not to be included while
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maintaining the aspect ratio. Properties:
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* `width` Integer
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* `height` Integer
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This will have a window maintain an aspect ratio. The extra size allows a
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developer to have space, specified in pixels, not included within the aspect
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ratio calculations. This API already takes into account the difference between a
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window's size and its content size.
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Consider a normal window with an HD video player and associated controls.
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Perhaps there are 15 pixels of controls on the left edge, 25 pixels of controls
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on the right edge and 50 pixels of controls below the player. In order to
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maintain a 16:9 aspect ratio (standard aspect ratio for HD @1920x1080) within
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the player itself we would call this function with arguments of 16/9 and
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[ 40, 50 ]. The second argument doesn't care where the extra width and height
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are within the content view--only that they exist. Just sum any extra width and
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height areas you have within the overall content view.
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### `win.setBounds(options)`
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`options` Object, properties:
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* `x` Integer
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* `y` Integer
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* `width` Integer
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* `height` Integer
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Resizes and moves the window to `width`, `height`, `x`, `y`.
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### `win.getBounds()`
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Returns an object that contains window's width, height, x and y values.
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### `win.setSize(width, height)`
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* `width` Integer
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* `height` Integer
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Resizes the window to `width` and `height`.
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### `win.getSize()`
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Returns an array that contains window's width and height.
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### `win.setContentSize(width, height)`
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* `width` Integer
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* `height` Integer
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Resizes the window's client area (e.g. the web page) to `width` and `height`.
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### `win.getContentSize()`
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Returns an array that contains window's client area's width and height.
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### `win.setMinimumSize(width, height)`
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* `width` Integer
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* `height` Integer
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Sets the minimum size of window to `width` and `height`.
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### `win.getMinimumSize()`
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Returns an array that contains window's minimum width and height.
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### `win.setMaximumSize(width, height)`
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* `width` Integer
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* `height` Integer
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Sets the maximum size of window to `width` and `height`.
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### `win.getMaximumSize()`
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Returns an array that contains window's maximum width and height.
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### `win.setResizable(resizable)`
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* `resizable` Boolean
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Sets whether the window can be manually resized by user.
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### `win.isResizable()`
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Returns whether the window can be manually resized by user.
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### `win.setAlwaysOnTop(flag)`
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* `flag` Boolean
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Sets whether the window should show always on top of other windows. After
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setting this, the window is still a normal window, not a toolbox window which
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can not be focused on.
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### `win.isAlwaysOnTop()`
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Returns whether the window is always on top of other windows.
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### `win.center()`
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Moves window to the center of the screen.
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### `win.setPosition(x, y)`
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* `x` Integer
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* `y` Integer
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Moves window to `x` and `y`.
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### `win.getPosition()`
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Returns an array that contains window's current position.
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### `win.setTitle(title)`
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|
||
* `title` String
|
||
|
||
Changes the title of native window to `title`.
|
||
|
||
### `win.getTitle()`
|
||
|
||
Returns the title of the native window.
|
||
|
||
**Note:** The title of web page can be different from the title of the native
|
||
window.
|
||
|
||
### `win.flashFrame(flag)`
|
||
|
||
* `flag` Boolean
|
||
|
||
Starts or stops flashing the window to attract user's attention.
|
||
|
||
### `win.setSkipTaskbar(skip)`
|
||
|
||
* `skip` Boolean
|
||
|
||
Makes the window not show in the taskbar.
|
||
|
||
### `win.setKiosk(flag)`
|
||
|
||
* `flag` Boolean
|
||
|
||
Enters or leaves the kiosk mode.
|
||
|
||
### `win.isKiosk()`
|
||
|
||
Returns whether the window is in kiosk mode.
|
||
|
||
### `win.getNativeWindowHandle()`
|
||
|
||
Returns the platform-specific handle of the window as `Buffer`.
|
||
|
||
The native type of the handle is `HWND` on Windows, `NSView*` on OS X, and
|
||
`Window` (`unsigned long`) on Linux.
|
||
|
||
### `win.hookWindowMessage(message, callback)` _Windows_
|
||
|
||
* `message` Integer
|
||
* `callback` Function
|
||
|
||
Hooks a windows message. The `callback` is called when
|
||
the message is received in the WndProc.
|
||
|
||
### `win.isWindowMessageHooked(message)` _Windows_
|
||
|
||
* `message` Integer
|
||
|
||
Returns `true` or `false` depending on whether the message is hooked.
|
||
|
||
### `win.unhookWindowMessage(message)` _Windows_
|
||
|
||
* `message` Integer
|
||
|
||
Unhook the window message.
|
||
|
||
### `win.unhookAllWindowMessages()` _Windows_
|
||
|
||
Unhooks all of the window messages.
|
||
|
||
### `win.setRepresentedFilename(filename)` _OS X_
|
||
|
||
* `filename` String
|
||
|
||
Sets the pathname of the file the window represents, and the icon of the file
|
||
will show in window's title bar.
|
||
|
||
### `win.getRepresentedFilename()` _OS X_
|
||
|
||
Returns the pathname of the file the window represents.
|
||
|
||
### `win.setDocumentEdited(edited)` _OS X_
|
||
|
||
* `edited` Boolean
|
||
|
||
Specifies whether the window’s document has been edited, and the icon in title
|
||
bar will become grey when set to `true`.
|
||
|
||
### `win.isDocumentEdited()` _OS X_
|
||
|
||
Whether the window's document has been edited.
|
||
|
||
### `win.focusOnWebView()`
|
||
|
||
### `win.blurWebView()`
|
||
|
||
### `win.capturePage([rect, ]callback)`
|
||
|
||
* `rect` Object (optional)- The area of page to be captured, properties:
|
||
* `x` Integer
|
||
* `y` Integer
|
||
* `width` Integer
|
||
* `height` Integer
|
||
* `callback` Function
|
||
|
||
Captures a snapshot of the page within `rect`. Upon completion `callback` will
|
||
be called with `callback(image)`. The `image` is an instance of
|
||
[NativeImage](native-image.md) that stores data of the snapshot. Omitting
|
||
`rect` will capture the whole visible page.
|
||
|
||
### `win.print([options])`
|
||
|
||
Same as `webContents.print([options])`
|
||
|
||
### `win.printToPDF(options, callback)`
|
||
|
||
Same as `webContents.printToPDF(options, callback)`
|
||
|
||
### `win.loadURL(url[, options])`
|
||
|
||
Same as `webContents.loadURL(url[, options])`.
|
||
|
||
### `win.reload()`
|
||
|
||
Same as `webContents.reload`.
|
||
|
||
### `win.setMenu(menu)` _Linux_ _Windows_
|
||
|
||
* `menu` Menu
|
||
|
||
Sets the `menu` as the window's menu bar, setting it to `null` will remove the
|
||
menu bar.
|
||
|
||
### `win.setProgressBar(progress)`
|
||
|
||
* `progress` Double
|
||
|
||
Sets progress value in progress bar. Valid range is [0, 1.0].
|
||
|
||
Remove progress bar when progress < 0;
|
||
Change to indeterminate mode when progress > 1.
|
||
|
||
On Linux platform, only supports Unity desktop environment, you need to specify
|
||
the `*.desktop` file name to `desktopName` field in `package.json`. By default,
|
||
it will assume `app.getName().desktop`.
|
||
|
||
### `win.setOverlayIcon(overlay, description)` _Windows 7+_
|
||
|
||
* `overlay` [NativeImage](native-image.md) - the icon to display on the bottom
|
||
right corner of the taskbar icon. If this parameter is `null`, the overlay is
|
||
cleared
|
||
* `description` String - a description that will be provided to Accessibility
|
||
screen readers
|
||
|
||
Sets a 16px overlay onto the current taskbar icon, usually used to convey some
|
||
sort of application status or to passively notify the user.
|
||
|
||
|
||
### `win.setThumbarButtons(buttons)` _Windows 7+_
|
||
|
||
`buttons` Array of `button` Objects:
|
||
|
||
`button` Object, properties:
|
||
|
||
* `icon` [NativeImage](native-image.md) - The icon showing in thumbnail
|
||
toolbar.
|
||
* `tooltip` String (optional) - The text of the button's tooltip.
|
||
* `flags` Array (optional) - Control specific states and behaviors
|
||
of the button. By default, it uses `enabled`. It can include following
|
||
Strings:
|
||
* `enabled` - The button is active and available to the user.
|
||
* `disabled` - The button is disabled. It is present, but has a visual
|
||
state indicating it will not respond to user action.
|
||
* `dismissonclick` - When the button is clicked, the taskbar button's
|
||
flyout closes immediately.
|
||
* `nobackground` - Do not draw a button border, use only the image.
|
||
* `hidden` - The button is not shown to the user.
|
||
* `noninteractive` - The button is enabled but not interactive; no
|
||
pressed button state is drawn. This value is intended for instances
|
||
where the button is used in a notification.
|
||
* `click` - Function
|
||
|
||
Add a thumbnail toolbar with a specified set of buttons to the thumbnail image
|
||
of a window in a taskbar button layout. Returns a `Boolean` object indicates
|
||
whether the thumbnail has been added successfully.
|
||
|
||
The number of buttons in thumbnail toolbar should be no greater than 7 due to
|
||
the limited room. Once you setup the thumbnail toolbar, the toolbar cannot be
|
||
removed due to the platform's limitation. But you can call the API with an empty
|
||
array to clean the buttons.
|
||
|
||
### `win.showDefinitionForSelection()` _OS X_
|
||
|
||
Shows pop-up dictionary that searches the selected word on the page.
|
||
|
||
### `win.setAutoHideMenuBar(hide)`
|
||
|
||
* `hide` Boolean
|
||
|
||
Sets whether the window menu bar should hide itself automatically. Once set the
|
||
menu bar will only show when users press the single `Alt` key.
|
||
|
||
If the menu bar is already visible, calling `setAutoHideMenuBar(true)` won't
|
||
hide it immediately.
|
||
|
||
### `win.isMenuBarAutoHide()`
|
||
|
||
Returns whether menu bar automatically hides itself.
|
||
|
||
### `win.setMenuBarVisibility(visible)`
|
||
|
||
* `visible` Boolean
|
||
|
||
Sets whether the menu bar should be visible. If the menu bar is auto-hide, users
|
||
can still bring up the menu bar by pressing the single `Alt` key.
|
||
|
||
### `win.isMenuBarVisible()`
|
||
|
||
Returns whether the menu bar is visible.
|
||
|
||
### `win.setVisibleOnAllWorkspaces(visible)`
|
||
|
||
* `visible` Boolean
|
||
|
||
Sets whether the window should be visible on all workspaces.
|
||
|
||
**Note:** This API does nothing on Windows.
|
||
|
||
### `win.isVisibleOnAllWorkspaces()`
|
||
|
||
Returns whether the window is visible on all workspaces.
|
||
|
||
**Note:** This API always returns false on Windows.
|
||
|
||
### `win.setIgnoreMouseEvents(ignore)` _OS X_
|
||
|
||
* `ignore` Boolean
|
||
|
||
Ignore all moused events that happened in the window.
|
||
|
||
[blink-feature-string]: https://code.google.com/p/chromium/codesearch#chromium/src/out/Debug/gen/blink/platform/RuntimeEnabledFeatures.cpp&sq=package:chromium&type=cs&l=527
|