408 lines
9.2 KiB
Markdown
408 lines
9.2 KiB
Markdown
# Menu
|
|
|
|
> Create native application menus and context menus.
|
|
|
|
Each `Menu` consists of multiple [`MenuItem`](menu-item.md)s and each `MenuItem`
|
|
can have a submenu.
|
|
|
|
## Examples
|
|
|
|
The `Menu` class is only available in the main process, but you can also use it
|
|
in the render process via the [`remote`](remote.md) module.
|
|
|
|
### Main process
|
|
|
|
An example of creating the application menu in the main process with the
|
|
simple template API:
|
|
|
|
```javascript
|
|
const {app, Menu} = require('electron')
|
|
|
|
const template = [
|
|
{
|
|
label: 'Edit',
|
|
submenu: [
|
|
{
|
|
role: 'undo'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
role: 'redo'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
type: 'separator'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
role: 'cut'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
role: 'copy'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
role: 'paste'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
role: 'pasteandmatchstyle'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
role: 'delete'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
role: 'selectall'
|
|
}
|
|
]
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
label: 'View',
|
|
submenu: [
|
|
{
|
|
label: 'Reload',
|
|
accelerator: 'CmdOrCtrl+R',
|
|
click (item, focusedWindow) {
|
|
if (focusedWindow) focusedWindow.reload()
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
label: 'Toggle Developer Tools',
|
|
accelerator: process.platform === 'darwin' ? 'Alt+Command+I' : 'Ctrl+Shift+I',
|
|
click (item, focusedWindow) {
|
|
if (focusedWindow) focusedWindow.webContents.toggleDevTools()
|
|
}
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
type: 'separator'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
role: 'resetzoom'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
role: 'zoomin'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
role: 'zoomout'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
type: 'separator'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
role: 'togglefullscreen'
|
|
}
|
|
]
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
role: 'window',
|
|
submenu: [
|
|
{
|
|
role: 'minimize'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
role: 'close'
|
|
}
|
|
]
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
role: 'help',
|
|
submenu: [
|
|
{
|
|
label: 'Learn More',
|
|
click () { require('electron').shell.openExternal('http://electron.atom.io') }
|
|
}
|
|
]
|
|
}
|
|
]
|
|
|
|
if (process.platform === 'darwin') {
|
|
template.unshift({
|
|
label: app.getName(),
|
|
submenu: [
|
|
{
|
|
role: 'about'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
type: 'separator'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
role: 'services',
|
|
submenu: []
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
type: 'separator'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
role: 'hide'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
role: 'hideothers'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
role: 'unhide'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
type: 'separator'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
role: 'quit'
|
|
}
|
|
]
|
|
})
|
|
// Edit menu.
|
|
template[1].submenu.push(
|
|
{
|
|
type: 'separator'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
label: 'Speech',
|
|
submenu: [
|
|
{
|
|
role: 'startspeaking'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
role: 'stopspeaking'
|
|
}
|
|
]
|
|
}
|
|
)
|
|
// Window menu.
|
|
template[3].submenu = [
|
|
{
|
|
label: 'Close',
|
|
accelerator: 'CmdOrCtrl+W',
|
|
role: 'close'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
label: 'Minimize',
|
|
accelerator: 'CmdOrCtrl+M',
|
|
role: 'minimize'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
label: 'Zoom',
|
|
role: 'zoom'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
type: 'separator'
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
label: 'Bring All to Front',
|
|
role: 'front'
|
|
}
|
|
]
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
const menu = Menu.buildFromTemplate(template)
|
|
Menu.setApplicationMenu(menu)
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### Render process
|
|
|
|
Below is an example of creating a menu dynamically in a web page
|
|
(render process) by using the [`remote`](remote.md) module, and showing it when
|
|
the user right clicks the page:
|
|
|
|
```html
|
|
<!-- index.html -->
|
|
<script>
|
|
const {remote} = require('electron')
|
|
const {Menu, MenuItem} = remote
|
|
|
|
const menu = new Menu()
|
|
menu.append(new MenuItem({label: 'MenuItem1', click() { console.log('item 1 clicked') }}))
|
|
menu.append(new MenuItem({type: 'separator'}))
|
|
menu.append(new MenuItem({label: 'MenuItem2', type: 'checkbox', checked: true}))
|
|
|
|
window.addEventListener('contextmenu', (e) => {
|
|
e.preventDefault()
|
|
menu.popup(remote.getCurrentWindow())
|
|
}, false)
|
|
</script>
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Class: Menu
|
|
|
|
### `new Menu()`
|
|
|
|
Creates a new menu.
|
|
|
|
### Static Methods
|
|
|
|
The `menu` class has the following static methods:
|
|
|
|
#### `Menu.setApplicationMenu(menu)`
|
|
|
|
* `menu` Menu
|
|
|
|
Sets `menu` as the application menu on macOS. On Windows and Linux, the `menu`
|
|
will be set as each window's top menu.
|
|
|
|
**Note:** This API has to be called after the `ready` event of `app` module.
|
|
|
|
#### `Menu.getApplicationMenu()`
|
|
|
|
Returns the application menu (an instance of `Menu`), if set, or `null`, if not set.
|
|
|
|
#### `Menu.sendActionToFirstResponder(action)` _macOS_
|
|
|
|
* `action` String
|
|
|
|
Sends the `action` to the first responder of application. This is used for
|
|
emulating default Cocoa menu behaviors, usually you would just use the
|
|
`role` property of `MenuItem`.
|
|
|
|
See the [macOS Cocoa Event Handling Guide](https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/EventOverview/EventArchitecture/EventArchitecture.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/10000060i-CH3-SW7)
|
|
for more information on macOS' native actions.
|
|
|
|
#### `Menu.buildFromTemplate(template)`
|
|
|
|
* `template` MenuItem[]
|
|
|
|
Generally, the `template` is just an array of `options` for constructing a
|
|
[MenuItem](menu-item.md). The usage can be referenced above.
|
|
|
|
You can also attach other fields to the element of the `template` and they
|
|
will become properties of the constructed menu items.
|
|
|
|
### Instance Methods
|
|
|
|
The `menu` object has the following instance methods:
|
|
|
|
#### `menu.popup([browserWindow, x, y, positioningItem])`
|
|
|
|
* `browserWindow` BrowserWindow (optional) - Default is `BrowserWindow.getFocusedWindow()`.
|
|
* `x` Number (optional) - Default is the current mouse cursor position.
|
|
* `y` Number (**required** if `x` is used) - Default is the current mouse cursor position.
|
|
* `positioningItem` Number (optional) _macOS_ - The index of the menu item to
|
|
be positioned under the mouse cursor at the specified coordinates. Default is
|
|
-1.
|
|
|
|
Pops up this menu as a context menu in the `browserWindow`.
|
|
|
|
#### `menu.append(menuItem)`
|
|
|
|
* `menuItem` MenuItem
|
|
|
|
Appends the `menuItem` to the menu.
|
|
|
|
#### `menu.insert(pos, menuItem)`
|
|
|
|
* `pos` Integer
|
|
* `menuItem` MenuItem
|
|
|
|
Inserts the `menuItem` to the `pos` position of the menu.
|
|
|
|
### Instance Properties
|
|
|
|
`menu` objects also have the following properties:
|
|
|
|
#### `menu.items`
|
|
|
|
A MenuItem[] array containing the menu's items.
|
|
|
|
## Notes on macOS Application Menu
|
|
|
|
macOS has a completely different style of application menu from Windows and
|
|
Linux. Here are some notes on making your app's menu more native-like.
|
|
|
|
### Standard Menus
|
|
|
|
On macOS there are many system-defined standard menus, like the `Services` and
|
|
`Windows` menus. To make your menu a standard menu, you should set your menu's
|
|
`role` to one of following and Electron will recognize them and make them
|
|
become standard menus:
|
|
|
|
* `window`
|
|
* `help`
|
|
* `services`
|
|
|
|
### Standard Menu Item Actions
|
|
|
|
macOS has provided standard actions for some menu items, like `About xxx`,
|
|
`Hide xxx`, and `Hide Others`. To set the action of a menu item to a standard
|
|
action, you should set the `role` attribute of the menu item.
|
|
|
|
### Main Menu's Name
|
|
|
|
On macOS the label of the application menu's first item is always your app's
|
|
name, no matter what label you set. To change it, modify your app bundle's
|
|
`Info.plist` file. See
|
|
[About Information Property List Files][AboutInformationPropertyListFiles]
|
|
for more information.
|
|
|
|
## Setting Menu for Specific Browser Window (*Linux* *Windows*)
|
|
|
|
The [`setMenu` method][setMenu] of browser windows can set the menu of certain
|
|
browser windows.
|
|
|
|
## Menu Item Position
|
|
|
|
You can make use of `position` and `id` to control how the item will be placed
|
|
when building a menu with `Menu.buildFromTemplate`.
|
|
|
|
The `position` attribute of `MenuItem` has the form `[placement]=[id]`, where
|
|
`placement` is one of `before`, `after`, or `endof` and `id` is the unique ID of
|
|
an existing item in the menu:
|
|
|
|
* `before` - Inserts this item before the id referenced item. If the
|
|
referenced item doesn't exist the item will be inserted at the end of
|
|
the menu.
|
|
* `after` - Inserts this item after id referenced item. If the referenced
|
|
item doesn't exist the item will be inserted at the end of the menu.
|
|
* `endof` - Inserts this item at the end of the logical group containing
|
|
the id referenced item (groups are created by separator items). If
|
|
the referenced item doesn't exist, a new separator group is created with
|
|
the given id and this item is inserted after that separator.
|
|
|
|
When an item is positioned, all un-positioned items are inserted after
|
|
it until a new item is positioned. So if you want to position a group of
|
|
menu items in the same location you only need to specify a position for
|
|
the first item.
|
|
|
|
### Examples
|
|
|
|
Template:
|
|
|
|
```javascript
|
|
[
|
|
{label: '4', id: '4'},
|
|
{label: '5', id: '5'},
|
|
{label: '1', id: '1', position: 'before=4'},
|
|
{label: '2', id: '2'},
|
|
{label: '3', id: '3'}
|
|
]
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Menu:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
- 1
|
|
- 2
|
|
- 3
|
|
- 4
|
|
- 5
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Template:
|
|
|
|
```javascript
|
|
[
|
|
{label: 'a', position: 'endof=letters'},
|
|
{label: '1', position: 'endof=numbers'},
|
|
{label: 'b', position: 'endof=letters'},
|
|
{label: '2', position: 'endof=numbers'},
|
|
{label: 'c', position: 'endof=letters'},
|
|
{label: '3', position: 'endof=numbers'}
|
|
]
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Menu:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
- ---
|
|
- a
|
|
- b
|
|
- c
|
|
- ---
|
|
- 1
|
|
- 2
|
|
- 3
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
[AboutInformationPropertyListFiles]: https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/general/Reference/InfoPlistKeyReference/Articles/AboutInformationPropertyListFiles.html
|
|
[setMenu]: https://github.com/electron/electron/blob/master/docs/api/browser-window.md#winsetmenumenu-linux-windows
|