signal-desktop/patches/backbone+1.4.0.patch

diff --git a/node_modules/backbone/backbone-min.js b/node_modules/backbone/backbone-min.js
deleted file mode 100644
index c8c33e0..0000000
--- a/node_modules/backbone/backbone-min.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-(function(t){var e=typeof self=="object"&&self.self===self&&self||typeof global=="object"&&global.global===global&&global;if(typeof define==="function"&&define.amd){define(["underscore","jquery","exports"],function(i,n,r){e.Backbone=t(e,r,i,n)})}else if(typeof exports!=="undefined"){var i=require("underscore"),n;try{n=require("jquery")}catch(r){}t(e,exports,i,n)}else{e.Backbone=t(e,{},e._,e.jQuery||e.Zepto||e.ender||e.$)}})(function(t,e,i,n){var r=t.Backbone;var s=Array.prototype.slice;e.VERSION="1.4.0";e.$=n;e.noConflict=function(){t.Backbone=r;return this};e.emulateHTTP=false;e.emulateJSON=false;var a=e.Events={};var o=/\s+/;var h;var u=function(t,e,n,r,s){var a=0,h;if(n&&typeof n==="object"){if(r!==void 0&&"context"in s&&s.context===void 0)s.context=r;for(h=i.keys(n);a<h.length;a++){e=u(t,e,h[a],n[h[a]],s)}}else if(n&&o.test(n)){for(h=n.split(o);a<h.length;a++){e=t(e,h[a],r,s)}}else{e=t(e,n,r,s)}return e};a.on=function(t,e,i){this._events=u(l,this._events||{},t,e,{context:i,ctx:this,listening:h});if(h){var n=this._listeners||(this._listeners={});n[h.id]=h;h.interop=false}return this};a.listenTo=function(t,e,n){if(!t)return this;var r=t._listenId||(t._listenId=i.uniqueId("l"));var s=this._listeningTo||(this._listeningTo={});var a=h=s[r];if(!a){this._listenId||(this._listenId=i.uniqueId("l"));a=h=s[r]=new g(this,t)}var o=c(t,e,n,this);h=void 0;if(o)throw o;if(a.interop)a.on(e,n);return this};var l=function(t,e,i,n){if(i){var r=t[e]||(t[e]=[]);var s=n.context,a=n.ctx,o=n.listening;if(o)o.count++;r.push({callback:i,context:s,ctx:s||a,listening:o})}return t};var c=function(t,e,i,n){try{t.on(e,i,n)}catch(r){return r}};a.off=function(t,e,i){if(!this._events)return this;this._events=u(f,this._events,t,e,{context:i,listeners:this._listeners});return this};a.stopListening=function(t,e,n){var r=this._listeningTo;if(!r)return this;var s=t?[t._listenId]:i.keys(r);for(var a=0;a<s.length;a++){var o=r[s[a]];if(!o)break;o.obj.off(e,n,this);if(o.interop)o.off(e,n)}if(i.isEmpty(r))this._listeningTo=void 0;return this};var f=function(t,e,n,r){if(!t)return;var s=r.context,a=r.listeners;var o=0,h;if(!e&&!s&&!n){for(h=i.keys(a);o<h.length;o++){a[h[o]].cleanup()}return}h=e?[e]:i.keys(t);for(;o<h.length;o++){e=h[o];var u=t[e];if(!u)break;var l=[];for(var c=0;c<u.length;c++){var f=u[c];if(n&&n!==f.callback&&n!==f.callback._callback||s&&s!==f.context){l.push(f)}else{var d=f.listening;if(d)d.off(e,n)}}if(l.length){t[e]=l}else{delete t[e]}}return t};a.once=function(t,e,i){var n=u(d,{},t,e,this.off.bind(this));if(typeof t==="string"&&i==null)e=void 0;return this.on(n,e,i)};a.listenToOnce=function(t,e,i){var n=u(d,{},e,i,this.stopListening.bind(this,t));return this.listenTo(t,n)};var d=function(t,e,n,r){if(n){var s=t[e]=i.once(function(){r(e,s);n.apply(this,arguments)});s._callback=n}return t};a.trigger=function(t){if(!this._events)return this;var e=Math.max(0,arguments.length-1);var i=Array(e);for(var n=0;n<e;n++)i[n]=arguments[n+1];u(v,this._events,t,void 0,i);return this};var v=function(t,e,i,n){if(t){var r=t[e];var s=t.all;if(r&&s)s=s.slice();if(r)p(r,n);if(s)p(s,[e].concat(n))}return t};var p=function(t,e){var i,n=-1,r=t.length,s=e[0],a=e[1],o=e[2];switch(e.length){case 0:while(++n<r)(i=t[n]).callback.call(i.ctx);return;case 1:while(++n<r)(i=t[n]).callback.call(i.ctx,s);return;case 2:while(++n<r)(i=t[n]).callback.call(i.ctx,s,a);return;case 3:while(++n<r)(i=t[n]).callback.call(i.ctx,s,a,o);return;default:while(++n<r)(i=t[n]).callback.apply(i.ctx,e);return}};var g=function(t,e){this.id=t._listenId;this.listener=t;this.obj=e;this.interop=true;this.count=0;this._events=void 0};g.prototype.on=a.on;g.prototype.off=function(t,e){var i;if(this.interop){this._events=u(f,this._events,t,e,{context:void 0,listeners:void 0});i=!this._events}else{this.count--;i=this.count===0}if(i)this.cleanup()};g.prototype.cleanup=function(){delete this.listener._listeningTo[this.obj._listenId];if(!this.interop)delete this.obj._listeners[this.id]};a.bind=a.on;a.unbind=a.off;i.extend(e,a);var m=e.Model=function(t,e){var n=t||{};e||(e={});this.preinitialize.apply(this,ar
-//# sourceMappingURL=backbone-min.map
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/node_modules/backbone/backbone-min.map b/node_modules/backbone/backbone-min.map
deleted file mode 100644
index a45f7c1..0000000
--- a/node_modules/backbone/backbone-min.map
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"backbone-min.js","sources":["backbone.js"],"names":["factory","root","self","global","define","amd","_","$","exports","Backbone","require","e","jQuery","Zepto","ender","previousBackbone","slice","Array","prototype","VERSION","noConflict","this","emulateHTTP","emulateJSON","Events","eventSplitter","_listening","eventsApi","iteratee","events","name","callback","opts","i","names","context","keys","length","test","split","on","_events","onApi","ctx","listening","listeners","_listeners","id","interop","listenTo","obj","_listenId","uniqueId","listeningTo","_listeningTo","Listening","error","tryCatchOn","options","handlers","count","push","off","offApi","stopListening","ids","isEmpty","cleanup","remaining","j","handler","_callback","once","onceMap","bind","listenToOnce","map","offer","apply","arguments","trigger","Math","max","args","triggerApi","objEvents","allEvents","all","triggerEvents","concat","ev","l","a1","a2","a3","call","listener","unbind","extend","Model","attributes","attrs","preinitialize","cid","cidPrefix","collection","parse","defaults","result","set","changed","initialize","validationError","idAttribute","toJSON","clone","sync","get","attr","escape","has","matches","key","val","_validate","unset","silent","changes","changing","_changing","_previousAttributes","current","prev","isEqual","_pending","clear","hasChanged","changedAttributes","diff","old","previous","previousAttributes","fetch","model","success","resp","serverAttrs","wrapError","save","validate","wait","method","isNew","patch","xhr","destroy","defer","url","base","urlError","replace","encodeURIComponent","constructor","isValid","Collection","models","comparator","_reset","reset","setOptions","add","remove","merge","addOptions","splice","array","insert","at","min","tail","singular","isArray","removed","_removeModels","added","merged","_isModel","toAdd","toMerge","toRemove","modelMap","sort","sortable","sortAttr","isString","existing","_prepareModel","_addReference","orderChanged","some","m","index","_removeReference","previousModels","pop","unshift","shift","_byId","modelId","where","first","findWhere","Error","isFunction","sortBy","pluck","create","callbackOpts","values","CollectionIterator","ITERATOR_VALUES","ITERATOR_KEYS","entries","ITERATOR_KEYSVALUES","indexOf","_onModelEvent","event","prevId","$$iterator","Symbol","iterator","kind","_collection","_kind","_index","next","value","done","View","pick","viewOptions","_ensureElement","delegateEventSplitter","tagName","selector","$el","find","render","_removeElement","setElement","element","undelegateEvents","_setElement","delegateEvents","el","match","delegate","eventName","undelegate","_createElement","document","createElement","className","_setAttributes","addMethod","attribute","cb","defaultVal","addUnderscoreMethods","Class","methods","each","instance","isObject","modelMatcher","matcher","collectionMethods","forEach","collect","reduce","foldl","inject","reduceRight","foldr","detect","filter","select","reject","every","any","include","includes","contains","invoke","toArray","size","head","take","initial","rest","drop","last","without","difference","shuffle","lastIndexOf","chain","sample","partition","groupBy","countBy","indexBy","findIndex","findLastIndex","modelMethods","pairs","invert","omit","config","Base","mixin","mappings","functions","memo","type","methodMap","params","dataType","data","contentType","JSON","stringify","_method","beforeSend","setRequestHeader","processData","textStatus","errorThrown","ajax","update","delete","read","Router","routes","_bindRoutes","optionalParam","namedParam","splatParam","escapeRegExp","route","isRegExp","_routeToRegExp","router","history","fragment","_extractParameters","execute","navigate","optional","RegExp","exec","param","decodeURIComponent","History","checkUrl","window","location","routeStripper","rootStripper","pathStripper","started","interval","atRoot","path","pathname","getSearch","matchRoot","decodeFragment","rootPath","decodeURI","href","getHash","getPath","charAt","getFragment","_usePushState","_wantsHashChange","start","ha
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/node_modules/backbone/backbone.js b/node_modules/backbone/backbone.js
index 3e09d0d..96ca66b 100644
--- a/node_modules/backbone/backbone.js
+++ b/node_modules/backbone/backbone.js
@@ -12,24 +12,8 @@
   var root = typeof self == 'object' && self.self === self && self ||
             typeof global == 'object' && global.global === global && global;

-  // Set up Backbone appropriately for the environment. Start with AMD.
-  if (typeof define === 'function' && define.amd) {
-    define(['underscore', 'jquery', 'exports'], function(_, $, exports) {
-      // Export global even in AMD case in case this script is loaded with
-      // others that may still expect a global Backbone.
-      root.Backbone = factory(root, exports, _, $);
-    });
-
-  // Next for Node.js or CommonJS. jQuery may not be needed as a module.
-  } else if (typeof exports !== 'undefined') {
-    var _ = require('underscore'), $;
-    try { $ = require('jquery'); } catch (e) {}
-    factory(root, exports, _, $);
-
-  // Finally, as a browser global.
-  } else {
-    root.Backbone = factory(root, {}, root._, root.jQuery || root.Zepto || root.ender || root.$);
-  }
+  var _ = require('lodash'), $;
+  factory(root, exports, _, $);

 })(function(root, Backbone, _, $) {

@@ -46,10 +30,6 @@
   // Current version of the library. Keep in sync with `package.json`.
   Backbone.VERSION = '1.4.0';

-  // For Backbone's purposes, jQuery, Zepto, Ender, or My Library (kidding) owns
-  // the `$` variable.
-  Backbone.$ = $;
-
   // Runs Backbone.js in *noConflict* mode, returning the `Backbone` variable
   // to its previous owner. Returns a reference to this Backbone object.
   Backbone.noConflict = function() {
@@ -1279,174 +1259,6 @@
     return {value: void 0, done: true};
   };

-  // Backbone.View
-  // -------------
-
-  // Backbone Views are almost more convention than they are actual code. A View
-  // is simply a JavaScript object that represents a logical chunk of UI in the
-  // DOM. This might be a single item, an entire list, a sidebar or panel, or
-  // even the surrounding frame which wraps your whole app. Defining a chunk of
-  // UI as a **View** allows you to define your DOM events declaratively, without
-  // having to worry about render order ... and makes it easy for the view to
-  // react to specific changes in the state of your models.
-
-  // Creating a Backbone.View creates its initial element outside of the DOM,
-  // if an existing element is not provided...
-  var View = Backbone.View = function(options) {
-    this.cid = _.uniqueId('view');
-    this.preinitialize.apply(this, arguments);
-    _.extend(this, _.pick(options, viewOptions));
-    this._ensureElement();
-    this.initialize.apply(this, arguments);
-  };
-
-  // Cached regex to split keys for `delegate`.
-  var delegateEventSplitter = /^(\S+)\s*(.*)$/;
-
-  // List of view options to be set as properties.
-  var viewOptions = ['model', 'collection', 'el', 'id', 'attributes', 'className', 'tagName', 'events'];
-
-  // Set up all inheritable **Backbone.View** properties and methods.
-  _.extend(View.prototype, Events, {
-
-    // The default `tagName` of a View's element is `"div"`.
-    tagName: 'div',
-
-    // jQuery delegate for element lookup, scoped to DOM elements within the
-    // current view. This should be preferred to global lookups where possible.
-    $: function(selector) {
-      return this.$el.find(selector);
-    },
-
-    // preinitialize is an empty function by default. You can override it with a function
-    // or object.  preinitialize will run before any instantiation logic is run in the View
-    preinitialize: function(){},
-
-    // Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own
-    // initialization logic.
-    initialize: function(){},
-
-    // **render** is the core function that your view should override, in order
-    // to populate its element (`this.el`), with the appropriate HTML. The
-    // convention is for **render** to always return `this`.
-    render: function() {
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Remove this view by taking the element out of the DOM, and removing any
-    // applicable Backbone.Events listeners.
-    remove: function() {
-      this._removeElement();
-      this.stopListening();
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Remove this view's element from the document and all event listeners
-    // attached to it. Exposed for subclasses using an alternative DOM
-    // manipulation API.
-    _removeElement: function() {
-      this.$el.remove();
-    },
-
-    // Change the view's element (`this.el` property) and re-delegate the
-    // view's events on the new element.
-    setElement: function(element) {
-      this.undelegateEvents();
-      this._setElement(element);
-      this.delegateEvents();
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Creates the `this.el` and `this.$el` references for this view using the
-    // given `el`. `el` can be a CSS selector or an HTML string, a jQuery
-    // context or an element. Subclasses can override this to utilize an
-    // alternative DOM manipulation API and are only required to set the
-    // `this.el` property.
-    _setElement: function(el) {
-      this.$el = el instanceof Backbone.$ ? el : Backbone.$(el);
-      this.el = this.$el[0];
-    },
-
-    // Set callbacks, where `this.events` is a hash of
-    //
-    // *{"event selector": "callback"}*
-    //
-    //     {
-    //       'mousedown .title':  'edit',
-    //       'click .button':     'save',
-    //       'click .open':       function(e) { ... }
-    //     }
-    //
-    // pairs. Callbacks will be bound to the view, with `this` set properly.
-    // Uses event delegation for efficiency.
-    // Omitting the selector binds the event to `this.el`.
-    delegateEvents: function(events) {
-      events || (events = _.result(this, 'events'));
-      if (!events) return this;
-      this.undelegateEvents();
-      for (var key in events) {
-        var method = events[key];
-        if (!_.isFunction(method)) method = this[method];
-        if (!method) continue;
-        var match = key.match(delegateEventSplitter);
-        this.delegate(match[1], match[2], method.bind(this));
-      }
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Add a single event listener to the view's element (or a child element
-    // using `selector`). This only works for delegate-able events: not `focus`,
-    // `blur`, and not `change`, `submit`, and `reset` in Internet Explorer.
-    delegate: function(eventName, selector, listener) {
-      this.$el.on(eventName + '.delegateEvents' + this.cid, selector, listener);
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Clears all callbacks previously bound to the view by `delegateEvents`.
-    // You usually don't need to use this, but may wish to if you have multiple
-    // Backbone views attached to the same DOM element.
-    undelegateEvents: function() {
-      if (this.$el) this.$el.off('.delegateEvents' + this.cid);
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // A finer-grained `undelegateEvents` for removing a single delegated event.
-    // `selector` and `listener` are both optional.
-    undelegate: function(eventName, selector, listener) {
-      this.$el.off(eventName + '.delegateEvents' + this.cid, selector, listener);
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Produces a DOM element to be assigned to your view. Exposed for
-    // subclasses using an alternative DOM manipulation API.
-    _createElement: function(tagName) {
-      return document.createElement(tagName);
-    },
-
-    // Ensure that the View has a DOM element to render into.
-    // If `this.el` is a string, pass it through `$()`, take the first
-    // matching element, and re-assign it to `el`. Otherwise, create
-    // an element from the `id`, `className` and `tagName` properties.
-    _ensureElement: function() {
-      if (!this.el) {
-        var attrs = _.extend({}, _.result(this, 'attributes'));
-        if (this.id) attrs.id = _.result(this, 'id');
-        if (this.className) attrs['class'] = _.result(this, 'className');
-        this.setElement(this._createElement(_.result(this, 'tagName')));
-        this._setAttributes(attrs);
-      } else {
-        this.setElement(_.result(this, 'el'));
-      }
-    },
-
-    // Set attributes from a hash on this view's element.  Exposed for
-    // subclasses using an alternative DOM manipulation API.
-    _setAttributes: function(attributes) {
-      this.$el.attr(attributes);
-    }
-
-  });
-
   // Proxy Backbone class methods to Underscore functions, wrapping the model's
   // `attributes` object or collection's `models` array behind the scenes.
   //
@@ -1535,512 +1347,6 @@
     addUnderscoreMethods(Base, _, methods, attribute);
   });

-  // Backbone.sync
-  // -------------
-
-  // Override this function to change the manner in which Backbone persists
-  // models to the server. You will be passed the type of request, and the
-  // model in question. By default, makes a RESTful Ajax request
-  // to the model's `url()`. Some possible customizations could be:
-  //
-  // * Use `setTimeout` to batch rapid-fire updates into a single request.
-  // * Send up the models as XML instead of JSON.
-  // * Persist models via WebSockets instead of Ajax.
-  //
-  // Turn on `Backbone.emulateHTTP` in order to send `PUT` and `DELETE` requests
-  // as `POST`, with a `_method` parameter containing the true HTTP method,
-  // as well as all requests with the body as `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`
-  // instead of `application/json` with the model in a param named `model`.
-  // Useful when interfacing with server-side languages like **PHP** that make
-  // it difficult to read the body of `PUT` requests.
-  Backbone.sync = function(method, model, options) {
-    var type = methodMap[method];
-
-    // Default options, unless specified.
-    _.defaults(options || (options = {}), {
-      emulateHTTP: Backbone.emulateHTTP,
-      emulateJSON: Backbone.emulateJSON
-    });
-
-    // Default JSON-request options.
-    var params = {type: type, dataType: 'json'};
-
-    // Ensure that we have a URL.
-    if (!options.url) {
-      params.url = _.result(model, 'url') || urlError();
-    }
-
-    // Ensure that we have the appropriate request data.
-    if (options.data == null && model && (method === 'create' || method === 'update' || method === 'patch')) {
-      params.contentType = 'application/json';
-      params.data = JSON.stringify(options.attrs || model.toJSON(options));
-    }
-
-    // For older servers, emulate JSON by encoding the request into an HTML-form.
-    if (options.emulateJSON) {
-      params.contentType = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded';
-      params.data = params.data ? {model: params.data} : {};
-    }
-
-    // For older servers, emulate HTTP by mimicking the HTTP method with `_method`
-    // And an `X-HTTP-Method-Override` header.
-    if (options.emulateHTTP && (type === 'PUT' || type === 'DELETE' || type === 'PATCH')) {
-      params.type = 'POST';
-      if (options.emulateJSON) params.data._method = type;
-      var beforeSend = options.beforeSend;
-      options.beforeSend = function(xhr) {
-        xhr.setRequestHeader('X-HTTP-Method-Override', type);
-        if (beforeSend) return beforeSend.apply(this, arguments);
-      };
-    }
-
-    // Don't process data on a non-GET request.
-    if (params.type !== 'GET' && !options.emulateJSON) {
-      params.processData = false;
-    }
-
-    // Pass along `textStatus` and `errorThrown` from jQuery.
-    var error = options.error;
-    options.error = function(xhr, textStatus, errorThrown) {
-      options.textStatus = textStatus;
-      options.errorThrown = errorThrown;
-      if (error) error.call(options.context, xhr, textStatus, errorThrown);
-    };
-
-    // Make the request, allowing the user to override any Ajax options.
-    var xhr = options.xhr = Backbone.ajax(_.extend(params, options));
-    model.trigger('request', model, xhr, options);
-    return xhr;
-  };
-
-  // Map from CRUD to HTTP for our default `Backbone.sync` implementation.
-  var methodMap = {
-    create: 'POST',
-    update: 'PUT',
-    patch: 'PATCH',
-    delete: 'DELETE',
-    read: 'GET'
-  };
-
-  // Set the default implementation of `Backbone.ajax` to proxy through to `$`.
-  // Override this if you'd like to use a different library.
-  Backbone.ajax = function() {
-    return Backbone.$.ajax.apply(Backbone.$, arguments);
-  };
-
-  // Backbone.Router
-  // ---------------
-
-  // Routers map faux-URLs to actions, and fire events when routes are
-  // matched. Creating a new one sets its `routes` hash, if not set statically.
-  var Router = Backbone.Router = function(options) {
-    options || (options = {});
-    this.preinitialize.apply(this, arguments);
-    if (options.routes) this.routes = options.routes;
-    this._bindRoutes();
-    this.initialize.apply(this, arguments);
-  };
-
-  // Cached regular expressions for matching named param parts and splatted
-  // parts of route strings.
-  var optionalParam = /\((.*?)\)/g;
-  var namedParam    = /(\(\?)?:\w+/g;
-  var splatParam    = /\*\w+/g;
-  var escapeRegExp  = /[\-{}\[\]+?.,\\\^$|#\s]/g;
-
-  // Set up all inheritable **Backbone.Router** properties and methods.
-  _.extend(Router.prototype, Events, {
-
-    // preinitialize is an empty function by default. You can override it with a function
-    // or object.  preinitialize will run before any instantiation logic is run in the Router.
-    preinitialize: function(){},
-
-    // Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own
-    // initialization logic.
-    initialize: function(){},
-
-    // Manually bind a single named route to a callback. For example:
-    //
-    //     this.route('search/:query/p:num', 'search', function(query, num) {
-    //       ...
-    //     });
-    //
-    route: function(route, name, callback) {
-      if (!_.isRegExp(route)) route = this._routeToRegExp(route);
-      if (_.isFunction(name)) {
-        callback = name;
-        name = '';
-      }
-      if (!callback) callback = this[name];
-      var router = this;
-      Backbone.history.route(route, function(fragment) {
-        var args = router._extractParameters(route, fragment);
-        if (router.execute(callback, args, name) !== false) {
-          router.trigger.apply(router, ['route:' + name].concat(args));
-          router.trigger('route', name, args);
-          Backbone.history.trigger('route', router, name, args);
-        }
-      });
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Execute a route handler with the provided parameters.  This is an
-    // excellent place to do pre-route setup or post-route cleanup.
-    execute: function(callback, args, name) {
-      if (callback) callback.apply(this, args);
-    },
-
-    // Simple proxy to `Backbone.history` to save a fragment into the history.
-    navigate: function(fragment, options) {
-      Backbone.history.navigate(fragment, options);
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Bind all defined routes to `Backbone.history`. We have to reverse the
-    // order of the routes here to support behavior where the most general
-    // routes can be defined at the bottom of the route map.
-    _bindRoutes: function() {
-      if (!this.routes) return;
-      this.routes = _.result(this, 'routes');
-      var route, routes = _.keys(this.routes);
-      while ((route = routes.pop()) != null) {
-        this.route(route, this.routes[route]);
-      }
-    },
-
-    // Convert a route string into a regular expression, suitable for matching
-    // against the current location hash.
-    _routeToRegExp: function(route) {
-      route = route.replace(escapeRegExp, '\\$&')
-        .replace(optionalParam, '(?:$1)?')
-        .replace(namedParam, function(match, optional) {
-          return optional ? match : '([^/?]+)';
-        })
-        .replace(splatParam, '([^?]*?)');
-      return new RegExp('^' + route + '(?:\\?([\\s\\S]*))?$');
-    },
-
-    // Given a route, and a URL fragment that it matches, return the array of
-    // extracted decoded parameters. Empty or unmatched parameters will be
-    // treated as `null` to normalize cross-browser behavior.
-    _extractParameters: function(route, fragment) {
-      var params = route.exec(fragment).slice(1);
-      return _.map(params, function(param, i) {
-        // Don't decode the search params.
-        if (i === params.length - 1) return param || null;
-        return param ? decodeURIComponent(param) : null;
-      });
-    }
-
-  });
-
-  // Backbone.History
-  // ----------------
-
-  // Handles cross-browser history management, based on either
-  // [pushState](http://diveintohtml5.info/history.html) and real URLs, or
-  // [onhashchange](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/DOM/window.onhashchange)
-  // and URL fragments. If the browser supports neither (old IE, natch),
-  // falls back to polling.
-  var History = Backbone.History = function() {
-    this.handlers = [];
-    this.checkUrl = this.checkUrl.bind(this);
-
-    // Ensure that `History` can be used outside of the browser.
-    if (typeof window !== 'undefined') {
-      this.location = window.location;
-      this.history = window.history;
-    }
-  };
-
-  // Cached regex for stripping a leading hash/slash and trailing space.
-  var routeStripper = /^[#\/]|\s+$/g;
-
-  // Cached regex for stripping leading and trailing slashes.
-  var rootStripper = /^\/+|\/+$/g;
-
-  // Cached regex for stripping urls of hash.
-  var pathStripper = /#.*$/;
-
-  // Has the history handling already been started?
-  History.started = false;
-
-  // Set up all inheritable **Backbone.History** properties and methods.
-  _.extend(History.prototype, Events, {
-
-    // The default interval to poll for hash changes, if necessary, is
-    // twenty times a second.
-    interval: 50,
-
-    // Are we at the app root?
-    atRoot: function() {
-      var path = this.location.pathname.replace(/[^\/]$/, '$&/');
-      return path === this.root && !this.getSearch();
-    },
-
-    // Does the pathname match the root?
-    matchRoot: function() {
-      var path = this.decodeFragment(this.location.pathname);
-      var rootPath = path.slice(0, this.root.length - 1) + '/';
-      return rootPath === this.root;
-    },
-
-    // Unicode characters in `location.pathname` are percent encoded so they're
-    // decoded for comparison. `%25` should not be decoded since it may be part
-    // of an encoded parameter.
-    decodeFragment: function(fragment) {
-      return decodeURI(fragment.replace(/%25/g, '%2525'));
-    },
-
-    // In IE6, the hash fragment and search params are incorrect if the
-    // fragment contains `?`.
-    getSearch: function() {
-      var match = this.location.href.replace(/#.*/, '').match(/\?.+/);
-      return match ? match[0] : '';
-    },
-
-    // Gets the true hash value. Cannot use location.hash directly due to bug
-    // in Firefox where location.hash will always be decoded.
-    getHash: function(window) {
-      var match = (window || this).location.href.match(/#(.*)$/);
-      return match ? match[1] : '';
-    },
-
-    // Get the pathname and search params, without the root.
-    getPath: function() {
-      var path = this.decodeFragment(
-        this.location.pathname + this.getSearch()
-      ).slice(this.root.length - 1);
-      return path.charAt(0) === '/' ? path.slice(1) : path;
-    },
-
-    // Get the cross-browser normalized URL fragment from the path or hash.
-    getFragment: function(fragment) {
-      if (fragment == null) {
-        if (this._usePushState || !this._wantsHashChange) {
-          fragment = this.getPath();
-        } else {
-          fragment = this.getHash();
-        }
-      }
-      return fragment.replace(routeStripper, '');
-    },
-
-    // Start the hash change handling, returning `true` if the current URL matches
-    // an existing route, and `false` otherwise.
-    start: function(options) {
-      if (History.started) throw new Error('Backbone.history has already been started');
-      History.started = true;
-
-      // Figure out the initial configuration. Do we need an iframe?
-      // Is pushState desired ... is it available?
-      this.options          = _.extend({root: '/'}, this.options, options);
-      this.root             = this.options.root;
-      this._wantsHashChange = this.options.hashChange !== false;
-      this._hasHashChange   = 'onhashchange' in window && (document.documentMode === void 0 || document.documentMode > 7);
-      this._useHashChange   = this._wantsHashChange && this._hasHashChange;
-      this._wantsPushState  = !!this.options.pushState;
-      this._hasPushState    = !!(this.history && this.history.pushState);
-      this._usePushState    = this._wantsPushState && this._hasPushState;
-      this.fragment         = this.getFragment();
-
-      // Normalize root to always include a leading and trailing slash.
-      this.root = ('/' + this.root + '/').replace(rootStripper, '/');
-
-      // Transition from hashChange to pushState or vice versa if both are
-      // requested.
-      if (this._wantsHashChange && this._wantsPushState) {
-
-        // If we've started off with a route from a `pushState`-enabled
-        // browser, but we're currently in a browser that doesn't support it...
-        if (!this._hasPushState && !this.atRoot()) {
-          var rootPath = this.root.slice(0, -1) || '/';
-          this.location.replace(rootPath + '#' + this.getPath());
-          // Return immediately as browser will do redirect to new url
-          return true;
-
-        // Or if we've started out with a hash-based route, but we're currently
-        // in a browser where it could be `pushState`-based instead...
-        } else if (this._hasPushState && this.atRoot()) {
-          this.navigate(this.getHash(), {replace: true});
-        }
-
-      }
-
-      // Proxy an iframe to handle location events if the browser doesn't
-      // support the `hashchange` event, HTML5 history, or the user wants
-      // `hashChange` but not `pushState`.
-      if (!this._hasHashChange && this._wantsHashChange && !this._usePushState) {
-        this.iframe = document.createElement('iframe');
-        this.iframe.src = 'javascript:0';
-        this.iframe.style.display = 'none';
-        this.iframe.tabIndex = -1;
-        var body = document.body;
-        // Using `appendChild` will throw on IE < 9 if the document is not ready.
-        var iWindow = body.insertBefore(this.iframe, body.firstChild).contentWindow;
-        iWindow.document.open();
-        iWindow.document.close();
-        iWindow.location.hash = '#' + this.fragment;
-      }
-
-      // Add a cross-platform `addEventListener` shim for older browsers.
-      var addEventListener = window.addEventListener || function(eventName, listener) {
-        return attachEvent('on' + eventName, listener);
-      };
-
-      // Depending on whether we're using pushState or hashes, and whether
-      // 'onhashchange' is supported, determine how we check the URL state.
-      if (this._usePushState) {
-        addEventListener('popstate', this.checkUrl, false);
-      } else if (this._useHashChange && !this.iframe) {
-        addEventListener('hashchange', this.checkUrl, false);
-      } else if (this._wantsHashChange) {
-        this._checkUrlInterval = setInterval(this.checkUrl, this.interval);
-      }
-
-      if (!this.options.silent) return this.loadUrl();
-    },
-
-    // Disable Backbone.history, perhaps temporarily. Not useful in a real app,
-    // but possibly useful for unit testing Routers.
-    stop: function() {
-      // Add a cross-platform `removeEventListener` shim for older browsers.
-      var removeEventListener = window.removeEventListener || function(eventName, listener) {
-        return detachEvent('on' + eventName, listener);
-      };
-
-      // Remove window listeners.
-      if (this._usePushState) {
-        removeEventListener('popstate', this.checkUrl, false);
-      } else if (this._useHashChange && !this.iframe) {
-        removeEventListener('hashchange', this.checkUrl, false);
-      }
-
-      // Clean up the iframe if necessary.
-      if (this.iframe) {
-        document.body.removeChild(this.iframe);
-        this.iframe = null;
-      }
-
-      // Some environments will throw when clearing an undefined interval.
-      if (this._checkUrlInterval) clearInterval(this._checkUrlInterval);
-      History.started = false;
-    },
-
-    // Add a route to be tested when the fragment changes. Routes added later
-    // may override previous routes.
-    route: function(route, callback) {
-      this.handlers.unshift({route: route, callback: callback});
-    },
-
-    // Checks the current URL to see if it has changed, and if it has,
-    // calls `loadUrl`, normalizing across the hidden iframe.
-    checkUrl: function(e) {
-      var current = this.getFragment();
-
-      // If the user pressed the back button, the iframe's hash will have
-      // changed and we should use that for comparison.
-      if (current === this.fragment && this.iframe) {
-        current = this.getHash(this.iframe.contentWindow);
-      }
-
-      if (current === this.fragment) return false;
-      if (this.iframe) this.navigate(current);
-      this.loadUrl();
-    },
-
-    // Attempt to load the current URL fragment. If a route succeeds with a
-    // match, returns `true`. If no defined routes matches the fragment,
-    // returns `false`.
-    loadUrl: function(fragment) {
-      // If the root doesn't match, no routes can match either.
-      if (!this.matchRoot()) return false;
-      fragment = this.fragment = this.getFragment(fragment);
-      return _.some(this.handlers, function(handler) {
-        if (handler.route.test(fragment)) {
-          handler.callback(fragment);
-          return true;
-        }
-      });
-    },
-
-    // Save a fragment into the hash history, or replace the URL state if the
-    // 'replace' option is passed. You are responsible for properly URL-encoding
-    // the fragment in advance.
-    //
-    // The options object can contain `trigger: true` if you wish to have the
-    // route callback be fired (not usually desirable), or `replace: true`, if
-    // you wish to modify the current URL without adding an entry to the history.
-    navigate: function(fragment, options) {
-      if (!History.started) return false;
-      if (!options || options === true) options = {trigger: !!options};
-
-      // Normalize the fragment.
-      fragment = this.getFragment(fragment || '');
-
-      // Don't include a trailing slash on the root.
-      var rootPath = this.root;
-      if (fragment === '' || fragment.charAt(0) === '?') {
-        rootPath = rootPath.slice(0, -1) || '/';
-      }
-      var url = rootPath + fragment;
-
-      // Strip the fragment of the query and hash for matching.
-      fragment = fragment.replace(pathStripper, '');
-
-      // Decode for matching.
-      var decodedFragment = this.decodeFragment(fragment);
-
-      if (this.fragment === decodedFragment) return;
-      this.fragment = decodedFragment;
-
-      // If pushState is available, we use it to set the fragment as a real URL.
-      if (this._usePushState) {
-        this.history[options.replace ? 'replaceState' : 'pushState']({}, document.title, url);
-
-      // If hash changes haven't been explicitly disabled, update the hash
-      // fragment to store history.
-      } else if (this._wantsHashChange) {
-        this._updateHash(this.location, fragment, options.replace);
-        if (this.iframe && fragment !== this.getHash(this.iframe.contentWindow)) {
-          var iWindow = this.iframe.contentWindow;
-
-          // Opening and closing the iframe tricks IE7 and earlier to push a
-          // history entry on hash-tag change.  When replace is true, we don't
-          // want this.
-          if (!options.replace) {
-            iWindow.document.open();
-            iWindow.document.close();
-          }
-
-          this._updateHash(iWindow.location, fragment, options.replace);
-        }
-
-      // If you've told us that you explicitly don't want fallback hashchange-
-      // based history, then `navigate` becomes a page refresh.
-      } else {
-        return this.location.assign(url);
-      }
-      if (options.trigger) return this.loadUrl(fragment);
-    },
-
-    // Update the hash location, either replacing the current entry, or adding
-    // a new one to the browser history.
-    _updateHash: function(location, fragment, replace) {
-      if (replace) {
-        var href = location.href.replace(/(javascript:|#).*$/, '');
-        location.replace(href + '#' + fragment);
-      } else {
-        // Some browsers require that `hash` contains a leading #.
-        location.hash = '#' + fragment;
-      }
-    }
-
-  });
-
-  // Create the default Backbone.history.
-  Backbone.history = new History;
-
   // Helpers
   // -------

@@ -2076,7 +1382,7 @@
   };

   // Set up inheritance for the model, collection, router, view and history.
-  Model.extend = Collection.extend = Router.extend = View.extend = History.extend = extend;
+  Model.extend = Collection.extend = extend;

   // Throw an error when a URL is needed, and none is supplied.
   var urlError = function() {