This does not avoid all possible races, but it does avoid all likely
ones, and is demonstratably better than git's own handling of races
where files get modified at the same time as it's updating the working
tree.
The main thing this won't detect are not unlikely races where part
of a file gets changed while it's being copied and then the file is
restored to its original condition before the modification check.
No, it's more likely that the limitations of checking inode, size,
and mtime won't detect certian modifications, involving eg mmapped
files.
3cd19fb4d0