git-annex/doc/git-annex-shell.mdwn
Joey Hess d2576e5f1a
git-annex-shell: accept uuid of remote that proxying is enabled for
For NotifyChanges and also for the fallthrough case where
git-annex-shell passes a command off to git-shell, proxying is currently
ignored. So every remote that is accessed via a proxy will be treated as
the same git repository.

Every other command listed in cmdsMap will need to check if
Annex.proxyremote is set, and if so handle the proxying appropriately.
Probably only P2PStdio will need to support proxying. For now,
everything else refuses to work when proxying.

The part of that I don't like is that there's the possibility a command
later gets added to the list that doesn't check proxying.

When proxying is not enabled, it's important that git-annex-shell not
leak information that it would not have exposed before. Such as the
names or uuids of remotes.

I decided that, in the case where a repository used to have proxying
enabled, but no longer supports any proxies, it's ok to give the user a
clear error message indicating that proxying is not configured, rather
than a confusing uuid mismatch message.

Similarly, if a repository has proxying enabled, but not for the
requested repository, give a clear error message.

A tricky thing here is how to handle the case where there is more than
one remote, with proxying enabled, with the specified uuid. One way to
handle that would be to plumb the proxyRemoteName all the way through
from the remote git-annex to git-annex-shell, eg as a field, and use
only a remote with the same name. That would be very intrusive though.

Instead, I decided to let the proxy pick which remote it uses to access
a given Remote. And so it picks the least expensive one.
The client after all doesn't necessarily know any details about the
proxy's configuration. This does mean though, that if the least
expensive remote is not accessible, but another remote would have
worked, an access via the proxy will fail.
2024-06-10 12:44:35 -04:00

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# NAME
git-annex-shell - Restricted login shell for git-annex only SSH access
# SYNOPSIS
git-annex-shell [-c] command [params ...]
# DESCRIPTION
git-annex-shell is a restricted shell, similar to git-shell, which
can be used as a login shell for SSH accounts.
Since its syntax is identical to git-shell's, it can be used as a drop-in
replacement anywhere git-shell is used. For example it can be used as a
user's restricted login shell.
# COMMANDS
Any command not listed below is passed through to git-shell.
Note that the directory parameter should be an absolute path, otherwise
it is assumed to be relative to the user's home directory. Also the
first "/~/" or "/~user/" is expanded to the specified home directory.
* configlist directory
This outputs a subset of the git configuration, in the same form as
`git config --list`. This is used to get the annex.uuid of the remote
repository.
When run in a repository that does not yet have an annex.uuid, one
will be created, as long as a git-annex branch has already been pushed to
the repository, or if the autoinit=1 flag is used to indicate
initialization is desired.
* p2pstdio directory uuid
This causes git-annex-shell to communicate using the git-annex p2p
protocol over stdio.
The uuid is the one belonging to the repository that will be
communicating with git-annex-shell.
* notifychanges directory
This is used by `git-annex remotedaemon` to be notified when
refs in the remote repository are changed.
* gcryptsetup directory gcryptid
Sets up a repository as a gcrypt repository.
* inannex directory [key ...]
This checks if all specified keys are present in the annex,
and exits zero if so.
Exits 1 if the key is certainly not present in the annex.
Exits 100 if it's unable to tell (perhaps the key is in the process of
being removed from the annex).
Used only by the gcrypt special remote.
* recvkey directory key
This runs rsync in server mode to receive the content of a key,
and stores the content in the annex.
Used only by the gcrypt special remote.
* sendkey directory key
This runs rsync in server mode to transfer out the content of a key.
Used only by the gcrypt special remote.
* dropkey directory [key ...]
This drops the annexed data for the specified keys.
Used only by the gcrypt special remote.
# OPTIONS
* --uuid=UUID
git-annex uses this to specify the UUID of the repository it was expecting
git-annex-shell to access. This is both a sanity check, and allows
git-annex shell to proxy access to remotes, when configured
by [[git-annex-update-proxy]].
* Also the [[git-annex-common-options]](1) can be used.
* -- fields=val fields=val.. --
Additional fields may be specified this way, to retain compatibility with
past versions of git-annex-shell (that ignore these, but would choke
on new dashed options).
Currently used fields are autoinit= and remoteuuid=
# HOOK
After content is received or dropped from the repository by git-annex-shell,
it runs a hook, `.git/hooks/annex-content` (or `hooks/annex-content` on a bare
repository). The hook is not currently passed any information about what
changed.
# ENVIRONMENT
* GIT_ANNEX_SHELL_READONLY
If set, disallows any action that could modify the git-annex
repository.
Note that this does not prevent passing commands on to git-shell.
For that, you also need ...
* GIT_ANNEX_SHELL_LIMITED
If set, disallows running git-shell to handle unknown commands.
* GIT_ANNEX_SHELL_APPENDONLY
If set, allows data to be written to the git-annex repository,
but does not allow data to be removed from it.
Note that this does not prevent passing commands on to git-shell,
so you will have to separately configure git to reject pushes that
overwrite branches or are otherwise not appends. The git pre-receive
hook may be useful for accomplishing this.
It's a good idea to enable annex.securehashesonly in a repository
that's set up this way.
* GIT_ANNEX_SHELL_DIRECTORY
If set, git-annex-shell will refuse to run commands that do not operate
on the specified directory.
# EXAMPLES
To make a `~/.ssh/authorized_keys` file that only allows git-annex-shell
to be run, and not other commands, pass the original command to the -c
option:
command="git-annex-shell -c \"$SSH_ORIGINAL_COMMAND\"",no-agent-forwarding,no-port-forwarding,no-X11-forwarding ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1y[...] user@example.com
To further restrict git-annex-shell to a particular repository,
and fully lock it down to read-only mode:
command="GIT_ANNEX_SHELL_DIRECTORY=/srv/annex GIT_ANNEX_SHELL_LIMITED=true GIT_ANNEX_SHELL_READONLY=true git-annex-shell -c \"$SSH_ORIGINAL_COMMAND\"",restrict ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1y[...] user@example.com
Obviously, `ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1y[...] user@example.com` needs to
replaced with your SSH key. The above also assumes `git-annex-shell`
is available in your `$PATH`, use an absolute path if it is not the
case. Also note how the above uses the `restrict` option instead of an
explicit list of functionality to disallow. This only works in certain
OpenSSH releases, starting from 7.1p2.
To only allow adding new objects to the repository, the
`GIT_ANNEX_SHELL_APPENDONLY` variable can be used as well:
command="GIT_ANNEX_SHELL_DIRECTORY=/srv/annex GIT_ANNEX_SHELL_APPENDONLY=true git-annex-shell -c \"$SSH_ORIGINAL_COMMAND\"",restrict ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1y[...] user@example.com
This will not keep an attacker from destroying the git history, as
explained above. For this you might want to disallow certain
operations, like branch deletion and force-push, with options from
git-config(1). For example:
git config receive.denyDeletes true
git config receive.denyNonFastForwards true
With this configuration, git commits can still remove files,
but they will still be available in the git history and git-annex will
retain their contents. Changes to `git-annex` branch, however, can
negatively impact git-annex's location tracking information and might
cause data loss. To work around this problem, more complex hooks
are required, see for example the `update-paranoid` hook in the git
source distribution.
# SEE ALSO
[[git-annex]](1)
git-shell(1)
# AUTHOR
Joey Hess <id@joeyh.name>
<http://git-annex.branchable.com/>
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