diff --git a/CmdLine/GitAnnex.hs b/CmdLine/GitAnnex.hs
index 71d9f2e51f..8dc64f8b7b 100644
--- a/CmdLine/GitAnnex.hs
+++ b/CmdLine/GitAnnex.hs
@@ -134,6 +134,7 @@ import qualified Command.UpdateProxy
 import qualified Command.MaxSize
 import qualified Command.Sim
 import qualified Command.AddComputed
+import qualified Command.Recompute
 import qualified Command.Version
 import qualified Command.RemoteDaemon
 #ifdef WITH_ASSISTANT
@@ -267,6 +268,7 @@ cmds testoptparser testrunner mkbenchmarkgenerator = map addGitAnnexCommonOption
 	, Command.MaxSize.cmd
 	, Command.Sim.cmd
 	, Command.AddComputed.cmd
+	, Command.Recompute.cmd
 	, Command.Version.cmd
 	, Command.RemoteDaemon.cmd
 #ifdef WITH_ASSISTANT
diff --git a/Command/AddComputed.hs b/Command/AddComputed.hs
index fad9c1dc30..9ff13f1f70 100644
--- a/Command/AddComputed.hs
+++ b/Command/AddComputed.hs
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ import qualified Types.Remote as Remote
 import Annex.CatFile
 import Annex.Content.Presence
 import Annex.Ingest
-import Types.RemoteConfig
 import Types.KeySource
 import Messages.Progress
 import Logs.Location
@@ -68,23 +67,20 @@ seek o = startConcurrency commandStages (seek' o)
 seek' :: AddComputedOptions -> CommandSeek
 seek' o = do
 	r <- getParsed (computeRemote o)
-	unless (Remote.typename (Remote.remotetype r) == Remote.typename Remote.Compute.remote) $
+	unless (Remote.Compute.isComputeRemote r) $
 		giveup "That is not a compute remote."
 
-	let rc = unparsedRemoteConfig (Remote.config r)
-	case Remote.Compute.getComputeProgram rc of
-		Left err -> giveup $ 
-			"Problem with the configuration of the compute remote: " ++ err
-		Right program -> commandAction $ start o r program
+	commandAction $ start o r
 
-start :: AddComputedOptions -> Remote -> Remote.Compute.ComputeProgram -> CommandStart
-start o r program = starting "addcomputed" ai si $ perform o r program
+start :: AddComputedOptions -> Remote -> CommandStart
+start o r = starting "addcomputed" ai si $ perform o r
   where
 	ai = ActionItemUUID (Remote.uuid r) (UnquotedString (Remote.name r))
 	si = SeekInput (computeParams o)
 
-perform :: AddComputedOptions -> Remote -> Remote.Compute.ComputeProgram -> CommandPerform
-perform o r program = do
+perform :: AddComputedOptions -> Remote -> CommandPerform
+perform o r = do
+	program <- Remote.Compute.getComputeProgram r
 	repopath <- fromRepo Git.repoPath
 	subdir <- liftIO $ relPathDirToFile repopath (literalOsPath ".")
 	let state = Remote.Compute.ComputeState
@@ -100,24 +96,10 @@ perform o r program = do
 	showOutput
 	Remote.Compute.runComputeProgram program state
 		(Remote.Compute.ImmutableState False)
-		(getinputcontent fast)
+		(getInputContent fast)
 		(go starttime fast)
 	next $ return True
   where
-	getinputcontent fast p = catKeyFile p >>= \case
-		Just inputkey -> do
-			obj <- calcRepo (gitAnnexLocation inputkey)
-			if fast
-				then return (inputkey, Nothing)
-				else ifM (inAnnex inputkey)
-					( return (inputkey, Just obj)
-					, giveup $ "The computation needs the content of a file which is not present: " ++ fromOsPath p
-					)
-		Nothing -> ifM (liftIO $ doesFileExist p)
-			( giveup $ "The computation needs an input file that is not an annexed file: " ++ fromOsPath p 
-			, giveup $ "The computation needs an input file which does not exist: " ++ fromOsPath p
-			)
-	
 	go starttime fast state tmpdir = do
 		endtime <- liftIO currentMonotonicTimestamp
 		let ts = calcduration starttime endtime
@@ -175,3 +157,18 @@ perform o r program = do
 	isreproducible state = case reproducible o of
 		Just v -> isReproducible v
 		Nothing -> Remote.Compute.computeReproducible state
+	
+getInputContent :: Bool -> OsPath -> Annex (Key, Maybe OsPath)
+getInputContent fast p = catKeyFile p >>= \case
+	Just inputkey -> do
+		obj <- calcRepo (gitAnnexLocation inputkey)
+		if fast
+			then return (inputkey, Nothing)
+			else ifM (inAnnex inputkey)
+				( return (inputkey, Just obj)
+				, giveup $ "The computation needs the content of a file which is not present: " ++ fromOsPath p
+				)
+	Nothing -> ifM (liftIO $ doesFileExist p)
+		( giveup $ "The computation needs an input file that is not an annexed file: " ++ fromOsPath p 
+		, giveup $ "The computation needs an input file which does not exist: " ++ fromOsPath p
+		)
diff --git a/Command/Recompute.hs b/Command/Recompute.hs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..95f8f3e16f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Command/Recompute.hs
@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+{- git-annex command
+ -
+ - Copyright 2025 Joey Hess <id@joeyh.name>
+ -
+ - Licensed under the GNU AGPL version 3 or higher.
+ -}
+
+{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-}
+
+module Command.Recompute where
+
+import Command
+import qualified Git
+import qualified Annex
+import qualified Remote.Compute
+import qualified Remote
+import qualified Types.Remote as Remote
+import Annex.CatFile
+import Annex.Content.Presence
+import Annex.Ingest
+import Git.FilePath
+import Types.RemoteConfig
+import Types.KeySource
+import Messages.Progress
+import Logs.Location
+import Utility.Metered
+import Utility.MonotonicClock
+import Backend.URL (fromUrl)
+import Command.AddComputed (Reproducible(..), parseReproducible, getInputContent)
+
+import qualified Data.Map as M
+import Data.Time.Clock
+
+cmd :: Command
+cmd = notBareRepo $ 
+	command "recompute" SectionCommon "recompute computed files"
+		paramPaths (seek <$$> optParser)
+
+data RecomputeOptions = RecomputeOptions
+	{ recomputeThese :: CmdParams
+	, originalOption :: Bool
+	, othersOption :: Bool
+	, reproducible :: Maybe Reproducible
+	, computeRemote :: Maybe (DeferredParse Remote)
+	}
+
+optParser :: CmdParamsDesc -> Parser RecomputeOptions
+optParser desc = RecomputeOptions
+	<$> cmdParams desc
+	<*> switch
+		( long "original"
+		<> help "recompute using original content of input files"
+		)
+	<*> switch
+		( long "others"
+		<> help "stage other files that are recomputed in passing"
+		)
+	<*> parseReproducible
+	<*> optional (mkParseRemoteOption <$> parseRemoteOption)
+
+seek :: RecomputeOptions -> CommandSeek
+seek o = startConcurrency commandStages (seek' o)
+
+seek' :: RecomputeOptions -> CommandSeek
+seek' o = do
+	computeremote <- maybe (pure Nothing) (Just <$$> getParsed)
+		(computeRemote o)
+	let seeker = AnnexedFileSeeker
+		{ startAction = const $ start o computeremote
+		, checkContentPresent = Nothing
+		, usesLocationLog = True
+		}
+	withFilesInGitAnnex ww seeker
+		=<< workTreeItems ww (recomputeThese o)
+  where
+	ww = WarnUnmatchLsFiles "recompute"
+
+start :: RecomputeOptions -> Maybe Remote -> SeekInput -> OsPath -> Key -> CommandStart
+start o (Just computeremote) si file key = 
+	stopUnless (notElem (Remote.uuid computeremote) <$> loggedLocations key) $
+		start' o computeremote si file key		
+start o Nothing si file key = do
+	rs <- catMaybes <$> (mapM Remote.byUUID =<< loggedLocations key)
+	case sortOn Remote.cost $ filter Remote.Compute.isComputeRemote rs of
+		[] -> stop
+		(r:_) -> start' o r si file key
+
+start' :: RecomputeOptions -> Remote -> SeekInput -> OsPath -> Key -> CommandStart
+start' o r si file key =
+	Remote.Compute.getComputeState
+		(Remote.remoteStateHandle r) key >>= \case
+			Nothing -> stop
+			Just state ->
+				stopUnless (shouldrecompute state) $
+					starting "recompute" ai si $
+						perform o r file key state
+  where
+	ai = mkActionItem (key, file)
+
+	shouldrecompute state
+		| originalOption o = return True
+		| otherwise = 
+			anyM (inputchanged state) $
+				M.toList (Remote.Compute.computeInputs state)
+
+	inputchanged state (inputfile, inputkey) = do
+		-- Note that the paths from the remote state are not to be
+		-- trusted to point to a file in the repository, but using
+		-- the path with catKeyFile will only succeed if it
+		-- is checked into the repository.
+		p <- fromRepo $ fromTopFilePath $ asTopFilePath $
+			Remote.Compute.computeSubdir state </> inputfile
+		catKeyFile p >>= return . \case
+			Just k -> k /= inputkey
+			-- When an input file is missing, go ahead and
+			-- recompute. This way, the user will see the
+			-- computation fail, with an error message that
+			-- explains the problem.
+			-- XXX check that this works well
+			Nothing -> True
+
+perform :: RecomputeOptions -> Remote -> OsPath -> Key -> Remote.Compute.ComputeState -> CommandPerform
+perform o r file key oldstate = do
+	program <- Remote.Compute.getComputeProgram r
+	let recomputestate = oldstate
+		{ Remote.Compute.computeInputs = mempty
+		, Remote.Compute.computeOutputs = mempty
+		}
+	fast <- Annex.getRead Annex.fast
+	starttime <- liftIO currentMonotonicTimestamp
+	showOutput
+	Remote.Compute.runComputeProgram program recomputestate
+		(Remote.Compute.ImmutableState False)
+		(getinputcontent program fast)
+		(go starttime fast)
+	next $ return True
+  where
+	getinputcontent program fast p
+		| originalOption o = 
+			case M.lookup p (Remote.Compute.computeInputs oldstate) of
+				Just inputkey -> return (inputkey, Nothing)
+				Nothing -> Remote.Compute.computationBehaviorChangeError program
+					"requesting a new input file" p
+		| otherwise = getInputContent fast p
+	
+	go starttime fast state tmpdir = do
+		endtime <- liftIO currentMonotonicTimestamp
+		let ts = calcduration starttime endtime
+		let outputs = Remote.Compute.computeOutputs state
+		when (M.null outputs) $
+			giveup "The computation succeeded, but it did not generate any files."
+		oks <- forM (M.keys outputs) $ \outputfile -> do
+			showAction $ "adding " <> QuotedPath outputfile
+			k <- catchNonAsync (addfile fast state tmpdir outputfile)
+				(\err -> giveup $ "Failed to ingest output file " ++ fromOsPath outputfile ++ ": " ++ show err)
+			return (outputfile, Just k)
+		let state' = state
+			{ Remote.Compute.computeOutputs = M.fromList oks
+			}
+		forM_ (mapMaybe snd oks) $ \k -> do
+			Remote.Compute.setComputeState
+				(Remote.remoteStateHandle r)
+				k ts state'
+			logChange NoLiveUpdate k (Remote.uuid r) InfoPresent
+	
+	addfile fast state tmpdir outputfile
+		| fast = do
+			addSymlink outputfile stateurlk Nothing
+			return stateurlk
+		| isreproducible state = do
+			sz <- liftIO $ getFileSize outputfile'
+			metered Nothing sz Nothing $ \_ p ->
+				ingestwith $ ingestAdd p (Just ld)
+		| otherwise = ingestwith $
+			ingestAdd' nullMeterUpdate (Just ld) (Just stateurlk)
+	  where
+	  	stateurl = Remote.Compute.computeStateUrl r state outputfile
+		stateurlk = fromUrl stateurl Nothing True
+		outputfile' = tmpdir </> outputfile
+		ld = LockedDown ldc $ KeySource
+				{ keyFilename = outputfile
+				, contentLocation = outputfile'
+				, inodeCache = Nothing
+				}
+		ingestwith a = a >>= \case
+			Nothing -> giveup "key generation failed"
+			Just k -> do
+				logStatus NoLiveUpdate k InfoPresent
+				return k
+
+	ldc = LockDownConfig
+		{ lockingFile = True
+		, hardlinkFileTmpDir = Nothing
+		, checkWritePerms = True
+		}
+	
+	calcduration (MonotonicTimestamp starttime) (MonotonicTimestamp endtime) =
+		fromIntegral (endtime - starttime) :: NominalDiffTime
+	
+	isreproducible state = case reproducible o of
+		Just v -> isReproducible v
+		Nothing -> Remote.Compute.computeReproducible state
diff --git a/Remote/Compute.hs b/Remote/Compute.hs
index 09ab45687a..b412fc4df6 100644
--- a/Remote/Compute.hs
+++ b/Remote/Compute.hs
@@ -9,14 +9,16 @@
 
 module Remote.Compute (
 	remote,
+	isComputeRemote,
 	ComputeState(..),
 	setComputeState,
-	getComputeStates,
+	getComputeState,
 	computeStateUrl,
 	ComputeProgram,
 	getComputeProgram,
 	runComputeProgram,
 	ImmutableState(..),
+	computationBehaviorChangeError,
 	defaultComputeParams,
 ) where
 
@@ -63,8 +65,11 @@ remote = RemoteType
 	, thirdPartyPopulated = False
 	}
 
+isComputeRemote :: Remote -> Bool
+isComputeRemote r = typename (remotetype r) == typename remote
+
 gen :: Git.Repo -> UUID -> RemoteConfig -> RemoteGitConfig -> RemoteStateHandle -> Annex (Maybe Remote)
-gen r u rc gc rs = case getComputeProgram rc of
+gen r u rc gc rs = case getComputeProgram' rc of
 	Left _err -> return Nothing
 	Right program -> do
 		c <- parsedRemoteConfig remote rc
@@ -107,7 +112,7 @@ gen r u rc gc rs = case getComputeProgram rc of
 
 setupInstance :: SetupStage -> Maybe UUID -> Maybe CredPair -> RemoteConfig -> RemoteGitConfig -> Annex (RemoteConfig, UUID)
 setupInstance _ mu _ c _ = do
-	ComputeProgram program <- either giveup return (getComputeProgram c)
+	ComputeProgram program <- either giveup return $ getComputeProgram' c
 	unlessM (liftIO $ inSearchPath program) $
 		giveup $ "Cannot find " ++ program ++ " in PATH"
 	u <- maybe (liftIO genUUID) return mu
@@ -136,8 +141,15 @@ defaultComputeParams = map mk . M.toList . getRemoteConfigPassedThrough . config
 newtype ComputeProgram = ComputeProgram String
 	deriving (Show)
 
-getComputeProgram :: RemoteConfig -> Either String ComputeProgram
-getComputeProgram c = case fromProposedAccepted <$> M.lookup programField c of
+getComputeProgram :: Remote -> Annex ComputeProgram
+getComputeProgram r = 
+	case getComputeProgram' (unparsedRemoteConfig (config r)) of
+		Right program -> return program
+		Left err -> giveup $ 
+			"Problem with the configuration of compute remote " ++ name r ++ ": " ++ err
+
+getComputeProgram' :: RemoteConfig -> Either String ComputeProgram
+getComputeProgram' c = case fromProposedAccepted <$> M.lookup programField c of
 	Just program
 		| safetyPrefix `isPrefixOf` program ->
 			Right (ComputeProgram program)
@@ -285,8 +297,15 @@ setComputeState rs k ts st = addRemoteMetaData k rs $ MetaData $ M.singleton
 	(mkMetaFieldUnchecked $ T.pack ('t':show (truncateResolution 1 ts)))
 	(S.singleton (MetaValue (CurrentlySet True) (formatComputeState k st)))
 
-getComputeStates :: RemoteStateHandle -> Key -> Annex [(NominalDiffTime, ComputeState)]
-getComputeStates rs k = do
+{- When multiple ComputeStates have been recorded for the same key,
+ - this returns one that is probably less expensive to compute,
+ - based on the original time it took to compute it. -}
+getComputeState:: RemoteStateHandle -> Key -> Annex (Maybe ComputeState)
+getComputeState rs k = headMaybe . map snd . sortOn fst
+	<$> getComputeStatesUnsorted rs k
+
+getComputeStatesUnsorted :: RemoteStateHandle -> Key -> Annex [(NominalDiffTime, ComputeState)]
+getComputeStatesUnsorted rs k = do
 	RemoteMetaData _ (MetaData m) <- getCurrentRemoteMetaData rs k
 	return $ go [] (M.toList m)
   where
@@ -369,7 +388,7 @@ runComputeProgram (ComputeProgram program) state (ImmutableState immutablestate)
 			let f' = toOsPath f
 			let knowninput = M.member f' (computeInputs state')
 			checksafefile tmpdir subdir f' "input"
-			checkimmutable knowninput l $ do
+			checkimmutable knowninput "inputting" f' $ do
 				(k, mp) <- getinputcontent f'
 				mp' <- liftIO $ maybe (pure Nothing)
 					(Just <$$> relPathDirToFile subdir)
@@ -388,7 +407,7 @@ runComputeProgram (ComputeProgram program) state (ImmutableState immutablestate)
 			let f' = toOsPath f
 			checksafefile tmpdir subdir f' "output"
 			let knownoutput = M.member f' (computeOutputs state')
-			checkimmutable knownoutput l $ 
+			checkimmutable knownoutput "outputting" f' $ 
 				return $ if knownoutput
 					then state'
 					else state'
@@ -412,25 +431,31 @@ runComputeProgram (ComputeProgram program) state (ImmutableState immutablestate)
 		when (any (\p -> dropTrailingPathSeparator p == literalOsPath ".git") (splitPath f)) $
 			err "inside the .git directory"
 
-	checkimmutable True _ a = a
-	checkimmutable False l a
+	checkimmutable True _ _ a = a
+	checkimmutable False requestdesc p a
 		| not immutablestate = a
-		| otherwise = giveup $
-			program ++ " is not behaving the same way it used to, now outputting: \"" ++ l ++ "\""
+		| otherwise = computationBehaviorChangeError (ComputeProgram program) requestdesc p
+
+computationBehaviorChangeError :: ComputeProgram -> String -> OsPath -> Annex a
+computationBehaviorChangeError (ComputeProgram program) requestdesc p =
+	giveup $ program ++ " is not behaving the same way it used to, now " ++ requestdesc ++ ": " ++ fromOsPath p
 
 computeKey :: RemoteStateHandle -> ComputeProgram -> Key -> AssociatedFile -> OsPath -> MeterUpdate -> VerifyConfig -> Annex Verification
-computeKey rs (ComputeProgram program) k af dest p vc = do
-	states <- map snd . sortOn fst -- least expensive probably
-		<$> getComputeStates rs k
-	case mapMaybe computeskey states of
-		((keyfile, state):_) -> runComputeProgram
-			(ComputeProgram program)
-			state
-			(ImmutableState True)
-			(getinputcontent state)
-			(go keyfile)
-		[] -> giveup "Missing compute state"
+computeKey rs (ComputeProgram program) k af dest p vc =
+	getComputeState rs k >>= \case
+		Just state -> 
+			case computeskey state of
+				Just keyfile -> runComputeProgram
+					(ComputeProgram program)
+					state
+					(ImmutableState True)
+					(getinputcontent state)
+					(go keyfile)
+				Nothing -> missingstate
+		Nothing -> missingstate
   where
+	missingstate = giveup "Missing compute state"
+
 	getinputcontent state f =
 		case M.lookup (fromOsPath f) (computeInputs state) of
 			Just inputkey -> do
@@ -441,7 +466,7 @@ computeKey rs (ComputeProgram program) k af dest p vc = do
 
 	computeskey state = 
 		case M.keys $ M.filter (== Just k) (computeOutputs state) of
-			(keyfile : _) -> Just (keyfile, state)
+			(keyfile : _) -> Just keyfile
 			[] -> Nothing
 
 	go keyfile state tmpdir = do
@@ -470,7 +495,7 @@ computeKey rs (ComputeProgram program) k af dest p vc = do
 -- Make sure that the compute state exists.
 checkKey :: RemoteStateHandle -> Key -> Annex Bool
 checkKey rs k = do
-	states <- getComputeStates rs k
+	states <- getComputeStatesUnsorted rs k
 	if null states
 		then giveup "Missing compute state"
 		else return True
diff --git a/doc/git-annex-addcomputed.mdwn b/doc/git-annex-addcomputed.mdwn
index 245d4a04b0..58261da181 100644
--- a/doc/git-annex-addcomputed.mdwn
+++ b/doc/git-annex-addcomputed.mdwn
@@ -78,9 +78,9 @@ the parameters provided to `git-annex addcomputed`.
   reproducible output (except when using `--fast`).
 
   If a computation turns out not to be fully reproducible, then getting
-  the file from the compute remote will later fail with a checksum
-  verification error. One thing that can be done then is to use 
-  `git-annex recompute --unreproducible`.
+  a computed file from the compute remote will later fail with a
+  checksum verification error. One thing that can be done then is to use 
+  `git-annex recompute --original --unreproducible`.
 
 *  Also the [[git-annex-common-options]](1) can be used.
 
diff --git a/doc/git-annex-recompute.mdwn b/doc/git-annex-recompute.mdwn
index 2800a74106..6e1a32f0d9 100644
--- a/doc/git-annex-recompute.mdwn
+++ b/doc/git-annex-recompute.mdwn
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # NAME
 
-git-annex recompute - update computed files
+git-annex recompute - recompute computed files
 
 # SYNOPSIS
 
@@ -9,18 +9,24 @@ git-annex recompute [path ...]`
 # DESCRIPTION
 
 This updates computed files that were added with
-[[git-annex-addcomputed]](1).
+[[git-annex-addcomputed]](1). 
+
+When the output of the computation is different, the updated computed
+file is staged in the repository.
 
 By default, this only recomputes files whose input files have changed.
-The new contents of the input files are used to re-run the computation,
-and when the output is different, the updated computed file is staged
-in the repository.
+The new contents of the input files are used to re-run the computation.
 
 # OPTIONS
 
-* `--unchanged`
+* `--original`
 
-  Recompute files even when their input files have not changed.
+  Use the original content of input files.
+
+* `--others`
+
+  When recomputing one file also generates new versions of other files,
+  stage those other files in the repository too.
 
 * `--unreproducible`, `-u`
 
@@ -32,14 +38,20 @@ in the repository.
   Convert files that were added with `git-annex addcomputed --unreproducible`
   to be as if they were added with `--reproducible`.
 
+* `--remote=name`
+
+  Only recompute files that were computed by this compute remote.
+
+  When this option is not used, all computed files are recomputed using
+  whatever compute remote was originally used to add them. In cases where
+  a file can be computed by multiple remotes, the one with the lowest
+  configured cost will be used.
+
 * matching options
 
   The [[git-annex-matching-options]](1) can be used to control what
   files to recompute.
 
-  For example, to only recompute files that are computed by the "photoconv"
-  compute remote, use `--in=photoconv`
-
 *  Also the [[git-annex-common-options]](1) can be used.
 
 # SEE ALSO
diff --git a/git-annex.cabal b/git-annex.cabal
index 5ed414a8dd..88203be956 100644
--- a/git-annex.cabal
+++ b/git-annex.cabal
@@ -728,6 +728,7 @@ Executable git-annex
     Command.Proxy
     Command.Pull
     Command.Push
+    Command.Recompute
     Command.ReKey
     Command.ReadPresentKey
     Command.RecvKey