Optimisations to git-annex branch query and setting, avoiding repeated copies of the environment.

Speeds up commands like  "git-annex find --in remote" by over 50%.

Profiling showed that adjustGitEnv was 21% of the time and 37% of the
allocations of that command. It copied the environment each time with
getEnvironment.

The only repeated use of adjustGitEnv is in withIndexFile, which tends to
be run at least once per file. So, it was optimised by keeping a cache of
the environment, which can be reused.

There could be other better ways to optimise this. Maybe get the while
environment once at startup. But, then it would have to be serialized back
out each time running a child process, so I doubt that would be a net win.

It might be better to cache a version of the environment that is
pre-modified to use .git-annex/index. But, profiling doesn't show that
modifying the enviroment is taking any significant time.

Annex/GitOverlay.hs

@@ -22,9 +22,28 @@ withIndexFile :: FilePath -> Annex a -> Annex a
 withIndexFile f a = do
 	f' <- liftIO $ indexEnvVal f
 	withAltRepo
-		(\g -> addGitEnv g indexEnv f')
+		(usecachedgitenv $ \g -> liftIO $ addGitEnv g indexEnv f')
 		(\g g' -> g' { gitEnv = gitEnv g })
 		a
+  where
+	-- This is an optimisation. Since withIndexFile is run repeatedly,
+	-- and addGitEnv uses the slow copyGitEnv when gitEnv is Nothing, 
+	-- we cache the copied environment the first time, and reuse it in
+	-- subsequent calls.
+	--
+	-- (This could be done at another level; eg when creating the
+	-- Git object in the first place, but it's more efficient to let
+	-- the enviroment be inherited in all calls to git where it
+	-- does not need to be modified.)
+	usecachedgitenv m g = case gitEnv g of
+		Just _ -> m g
+		Nothing -> do
+			e <- Annex.withState $ \s -> case Annex.cachedgitenv s of
+				Nothing -> do
+					e <- copyGitEnv
+					return (s { Annex.cachedgitenv = Just e }, e)
+				Just e -> return (s, e)
+			m (g { gitEnv = Just e })
 
 {- Runs an action using a different git work tree.
  -
@@ -52,7 +71,7 @@ withWorkTree d = withAltRepo
 withWorkTreeRelated :: FilePath -> Annex a -> Annex a
 withWorkTreeRelated d = withAltRepo modrepo unmodrepo
   where
-	modrepo g = do
+	modrepo g = liftIO $ do
 		g' <- addGitEnv g "GIT_COMMON_DIR" =<< absPath (localGitDir g)
 		g'' <- addGitEnv g' "GIT_DIR" d
 		return (g'' { gitEnvOverridesGitDir = True })
@@ -62,7 +81,7 @@ withWorkTreeRelated d = withAltRepo modrepo unmodrepo
 		}
 
 withAltRepo 
-	:: (Repo -> IO Repo)
+	:: (Repo -> Annex Repo)
 	-- ^ modify Repo
 	-> (Repo -> Repo -> Repo)
 	-- ^ undo modifications; first Repo is the original and second
@@ -71,7 +90,7 @@ withAltRepo
 	-> Annex a
 withAltRepo modrepo unmodrepo a = do
 	g <- gitRepo
-	g' <- liftIO $ modrepo g
+	g' <- modrepo g
 	q <- Annex.Queue.get
 	v <- tryNonAsync $ do
 		Annex.changeState $ \s -> s