Expose builtin v8 modules to AtomSandboxedRendererClient

- Adapt node.cc code that implements `process.binding` to create a similar
  object in AtomSandboxedRendererClient.
- Replace the ipc binding object passed to `lib/sandboxed_renderer/init.js` by
  the new binding object.
- Refactor the initialization script to use this new object to fetch the ipc
  binding and store as a hidden value using the `v8_util` module.

This change also required applying a patch to node.js, so the submodule commit
was updated.

lib/common/atom-binding-setup.js

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+module.exports = function atomBindingSetup (binding, processType) {
+  return function atomBinding (name) {
+    try {
+      return binding(`atom_${processType}_${name}`)
+    } catch (error) {
+      if (/No such module/.test(error.message)) {
+        return binding(`atom_common_${name}`)
+      } else {
+        throw error
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}