chore: bump node to v20.10.0 (main) (#40675)

* chore: bump node in DEPS to v20.10.0

* chore: update feat_initialize_asar_support.patch

no code changes; patch just needed an update due to nearby upstream changes

Xref: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/49986

* chore: update pass_all_globals_through_require.patch

no manual changes; patch applied with fuzz

Xref: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/49657

* chore: update refactor_allow_embedder_overriding_of_internal_fs_calls

Xref: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/49912

no code changes; patch just needed an update due to nearby upstream changes

* chore: update chore_allow_the_node_entrypoint_to_be_a_builtin_module.patch

Xref: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/49986

minor manual changes needed to sync with upstream change

* update fix_expose_the_built-in_electron_module_via_the_esm_loader.patch

Xref: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/50096
Xref: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/50314
in lib/internal/modules/esm/load.js, update the code that checks for
`format === 'electron'`. I'd like 👀 on this

Xref: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/49657
add braces in lib/internal/modules/esm/translators.js to sync with upstream

* fix: lazyload fs in esm loaders to apply asar patches

* https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/50127
* https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/50096

* esm: jsdoc for modules code

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/49523

* test: set test-cli-node-options as flaky

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/50296

* deps: update c-ares to 1.20.1

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/50082

* esm: bypass CommonJS loader under --default-type=module

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/49986

* deps: update uvwasi to 0.0.19

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/49908

* lib,test: do not hardcode Buffer.kMaxLength

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/49876

* crypto: account for disabled SharedArrayBuffer

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/50034

* test: fix edge snapshot stack traces

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/49659

* src: generate snapshot with --predictable

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/48749

* chore: fixup patch indices

* fs: throw errors from sync branches instead of separate implementations

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/49913

* crypto: ensure valid point on elliptic curve in SubtleCrypto.importKey

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/50234

* esm: detect ESM syntax in ambiguous JavaScrip

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/50096

* fixup! test: fix edge snapshot stack traces

* esm: unflag extensionless ES module JavaScript and Wasm in module scope

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/49974

* [tagged-ptr] Arrowify objects

4705331

---------

Co-authored-by: electron-roller[bot] <84116207+electron-roller[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Charles Kerr <charles@charleskerr.com>
Co-authored-by: Shelley Vohr <shelley.vohr@gmail.com>

patches/node/fix_do_not_resolve_electron_entrypoints.patch

@@ -5,33 +5,57 @@ Subject: fix: do not resolve electron entrypoints
 
 This wastes fs cycles and can result in strange behavior if this path actually exists on disk
 
+diff --git a/lib/internal/modules/esm/load.js b/lib/internal/modules/esm/load.js
+index 8406e8ca319533d6186c5d457e951b7a845b6b72..caa34187e17d9a0addcc8c94e46823ea4e05c590 100644
+--- a/lib/internal/modules/esm/load.js
++++ b/lib/internal/modules/esm/load.js
+@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ async function defaultLoad(url, context = kEmptyObject) {
+     format ??= 'builtin';
+   } else {
+     let contextToPass = context;
+-    if (source == null) {
++    if (format !== 'electron' && source == null) {
+       ({ responseURL, source } = await getSource(urlInstance, context));
+       contextToPass = { __proto__: context, source };
+     }
+@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ async function defaultLoad(url, context = kEmptyObject) {
+     // Now that we have the source for the module, run `defaultGetFormat` again in case we detect ESM syntax.
+     format ??= await defaultGetFormat(urlInstance, contextToPass);
+ 
+-    if ((format === 'commonjs' || format === 'electron') && contextToPass !== context) {
++    if (format === 'electron' || format === 'commonjs' && contextToPass !== context) {
+       // For backward compatibility reasons, we need to discard the source in
+       // order for the CJS loader to re-fetch it.
+       source = null;
 diff --git a/lib/internal/modules/esm/translators.js b/lib/internal/modules/esm/translators.js
-index 4c3a0d8c484a402fe419a0bd45c7e2b1d717cb4a..b8be4cde3bbe4b14e607a2bef0a2405df3cae533 100644
+index dbbe37474c70addfbf8cf805c29732dcd38c74f6..96ffb2b0b051163d8a777ed3d1b5bc2c83fc37c5 100644
 --- a/lib/internal/modules/esm/translators.js
 +++ b/lib/internal/modules/esm/translators.js
-@@ -309,6 +309,8 @@ function cjsPreparseModuleExports(filename, source) {
-     const cached = cjsParseCache.get(module);
-     if (cached)
+@@ -376,6 +376,9 @@ function cjsPreparseModuleExports(filename, source) {
+     if (cached) {
        return { module, exportNames: cached.exportNames };
-+    if (filename === 'electron')
-+      return { module };
+     }
++    if (filename === 'electron') {
++      return { module, exportNames: new SafeSet(['default', ...Object.keys(module.exports)]) };
++    }
    }
    const loaded = Boolean(module);
    if (!loaded) {
 diff --git a/lib/internal/modules/run_main.js b/lib/internal/modules/run_main.js
-index 0bfe7b11241416bfca0d470047b14777ad99307f..c86add4395ed59cee0d880961e7572b0cc3d6698 100644
+index 1f03c313121db054ff824d07e57c57c749005497..2c8aa6461497f39062ec350ef8a063b9b0ac1edf 100644
 --- a/lib/internal/modules/run_main.js
 +++ b/lib/internal/modules/run_main.js
-@@ -2,12 +2,19 @@
+@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
  
  const {
    StringPrototypeEndsWith,
 +  StringPrototypeStartsWith,
  } = primordials;
  
- const { getOptionValue } = require('internal/options');
- const path = require('path');
- 
+ const { containsModuleSyntax } = internalBinding('contextify');
+@@ -13,6 +14,13 @@ const path = require('path');
+  * @param {string} main - Entry point path
+  */
  function resolveMainPath(main) {
 +  // For built-in modules used as the main entry point we _never_
 +  // want to waste cycles resolving them to file paths on disk
@@ -39,12 +63,13 @@ index 0bfe7b11241416bfca0d470047b14777ad99307f..c86add4395ed59cee0d880961e7572b0
 +  if (typeof main === 'string' && StringPrototypeStartsWith(main, 'electron/js2c')) {
 +    return main;
 +  }
-   // Note extension resolution for the main entry point can be deprecated in a
-   // future major.
-   // Module._findPath is monkey-patchable here.
-@@ -24,6 +31,12 @@ function resolveMainPath(main) {
- }
- 
++
+   const defaultType = getOptionValue('--experimental-default-type');
+   /** @type {string} */
+   let mainPath;
+@@ -50,6 +58,13 @@ function resolveMainPath(main) {
+  * @param {string} mainPath - Absolute path to the main entry point
+  */
  function shouldUseESMLoader(mainPath) {
 +  // For built-in modules used as the main entry point we _never_
 +  // want to waste cycles resolving them to file paths on disk
@@ -52,6 +77,7 @@ index 0bfe7b11241416bfca0d470047b14777ad99307f..c86add4395ed59cee0d880961e7572b0
 +  if (typeof mainPath === 'string' && StringPrototypeStartsWith(mainPath, 'electron/js2c')) {
 +    return false;
 +  }
++
+   if (getOptionValue('--experimental-default-type') === 'module') { return true; }
+ 
    /**
-    * @type {string[]} userLoaders A list of custom loaders registered by the user
-    * (or an empty list when none have been registered).