 625f2a378e
			
		
	
	
	625f2a378e
	
	
	
		
			
			Neil Brown pointed out that lock_depth somehow escaped the BKL removal work. Let's get rid of it now. Note that the perf scripting utilities still have a bunch of code for dealing with common_lock_depth in tracepoints; I have left that in place in case anybody wants to use that code with older kernels. Suggested-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20110422111910.456c0e84@bike.lwn.net Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
		
			
				
	
	
		
			622 lines
		
	
	
	
		
			23 KiB
			
		
	
	
	
		
			Text
		
	
	
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			622 lines
		
	
	
	
		
			23 KiB
			
		
	
	
	
		
			Text
		
	
	
	
	
	
| perf-script-python(1)
 | |
| ====================
 | |
| 
 | |
| NAME
 | |
| ----
 | |
| perf-script-python - Process trace data with a Python script
 | |
| 
 | |
| SYNOPSIS
 | |
| --------
 | |
| [verse]
 | |
| 'perf script' [-s [Python]:script[.py] ]
 | |
| 
 | |
| DESCRIPTION
 | |
| -----------
 | |
| 
 | |
| This perf script option is used to process perf script data using perf's
 | |
| built-in Python interpreter.  It reads and processes the input file and
 | |
| displays the results of the trace analysis implemented in the given
 | |
| Python script, if any.
 | |
| 
 | |
| A QUICK EXAMPLE
 | |
| ---------------
 | |
| 
 | |
| This section shows the process, start to finish, of creating a working
 | |
| Python script that aggregates and extracts useful information from a
 | |
| raw perf script stream.  You can avoid reading the rest of this
 | |
| document if an example is enough for you; the rest of the document
 | |
| provides more details on each step and lists the library functions
 | |
| available to script writers.
 | |
| 
 | |
| This example actually details the steps that were used to create the
 | |
| 'syscall-counts' script you see when you list the available perf script
 | |
| scripts via 'perf script -l'.  As such, this script also shows how to
 | |
| integrate your script into the list of general-purpose 'perf script'
 | |
| scripts listed by that command.
 | |
| 
 | |
| The syscall-counts script is a simple script, but demonstrates all the
 | |
| basic ideas necessary to create a useful script.  Here's an example
 | |
| of its output (syscall names are not yet supported, they will appear
 | |
| as numbers):
 | |
| 
 | |
| ----
 | |
| syscall events:
 | |
| 
 | |
| event                                          count
 | |
| ----------------------------------------  -----------
 | |
| sys_write                                     455067
 | |
| sys_getdents                                    4072
 | |
| sys_close                                       3037
 | |
| sys_swapoff                                     1769
 | |
| sys_read                                         923
 | |
| sys_sched_setparam                               826
 | |
| sys_open                                         331
 | |
| sys_newfstat                                     326
 | |
| sys_mmap                                         217
 | |
| sys_munmap                                       216
 | |
| sys_futex                                        141
 | |
| sys_select                                       102
 | |
| sys_poll                                          84
 | |
| sys_setitimer                                     12
 | |
| sys_writev                                         8
 | |
| 15                                                 8
 | |
| sys_lseek                                          7
 | |
| sys_rt_sigprocmask                                 6
 | |
| sys_wait4                                          3
 | |
| sys_ioctl                                          3
 | |
| sys_set_robust_list                                1
 | |
| sys_exit                                           1
 | |
| 56                                                 1
 | |
| sys_access                                         1
 | |
| ----
 | |
| 
 | |
| Basically our task is to keep a per-syscall tally that gets updated
 | |
| every time a system call occurs in the system.  Our script will do
 | |
| that, but first we need to record the data that will be processed by
 | |
| that script.  Theoretically, there are a couple of ways we could do
 | |
| that:
 | |
| 
 | |
| - we could enable every event under the tracing/events/syscalls
 | |
|   directory, but this is over 600 syscalls, well beyond the number
 | |
|   allowable by perf.  These individual syscall events will however be
 | |
|   useful if we want to later use the guidance we get from the
 | |
|   general-purpose scripts to drill down and get more detail about
 | |
|   individual syscalls of interest.
 | |
| 
 | |
| - we can enable the sys_enter and/or sys_exit syscalls found under
 | |
|   tracing/events/raw_syscalls.  These are called for all syscalls; the
 | |
|   'id' field can be used to distinguish between individual syscall
 | |
|   numbers.
 | |
| 
 | |
| For this script, we only need to know that a syscall was entered; we
 | |
| don't care how it exited, so we'll use 'perf record' to record only
 | |
| the sys_enter events:
 | |
| 
 | |
| ----
 | |
| # perf record -a -e raw_syscalls:sys_enter
 | |
| 
 | |
| ^C[ perf record: Woken up 1 times to write data ]
 | |
| [ perf record: Captured and wrote 56.545 MB perf.data (~2470503 samples) ]
 | |
| ----
 | |
| 
 | |
| The options basically say to collect data for every syscall event
 | |
| system-wide and multiplex the per-cpu output into a single stream.
 | |
| That single stream will be recorded in a file in the current directory
 | |
| called perf.data.
 | |
| 
 | |
| Once we have a perf.data file containing our data, we can use the -g
 | |
| 'perf script' option to generate a Python script that will contain a
 | |
| callback handler for each event type found in the perf.data trace
 | |
| stream (for more details, see the STARTER SCRIPTS section).
 | |
| 
 | |
| ----
 | |
| # perf script -g python
 | |
| generated Python script: perf-script.py
 | |
| 
 | |
| The output file created also in the current directory is named
 | |
| perf-script.py.  Here's the file in its entirety:
 | |
| 
 | |
| # perf script event handlers, generated by perf script -g python
 | |
| # Licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL License version 2
 | |
| 
 | |
| # The common_* event handler fields are the most useful fields common to
 | |
| # all events.  They don't necessarily correspond to the 'common_*' fields
 | |
| # in the format files.  Those fields not available as handler params can
 | |
| # be retrieved using Python functions of the form common_*(context).
 | |
| # See the perf-script-python Documentation for the list of available functions.
 | |
| 
 | |
| import os
 | |
| import sys
 | |
| 
 | |
| sys.path.append(os.environ['PERF_EXEC_PATH'] + \
 | |
| 	'/scripts/python/perf-script-Util/lib/Perf/Trace')
 | |
| 
 | |
| from perf_trace_context import *
 | |
| from Core import *
 | |
| 
 | |
| def trace_begin():
 | |
| 	print "in trace_begin"
 | |
| 
 | |
| def trace_end():
 | |
| 	print "in trace_end"
 | |
| 
 | |
| def raw_syscalls__sys_enter(event_name, context, common_cpu,
 | |
| 	common_secs, common_nsecs, common_pid, common_comm,
 | |
| 	id, args):
 | |
| 		print_header(event_name, common_cpu, common_secs, common_nsecs,
 | |
| 			common_pid, common_comm)
 | |
| 
 | |
| 		print "id=%d, args=%s\n" % \
 | |
| 		(id, args),
 | |
| 
 | |
| def trace_unhandled(event_name, context, common_cpu, common_secs, common_nsecs,
 | |
| 		common_pid, common_comm):
 | |
| 		print_header(event_name, common_cpu, common_secs, common_nsecs,
 | |
| 		common_pid, common_comm)
 | |
| 
 | |
| def print_header(event_name, cpu, secs, nsecs, pid, comm):
 | |
| 	print "%-20s %5u %05u.%09u %8u %-20s " % \
 | |
| 	(event_name, cpu, secs, nsecs, pid, comm),
 | |
| ----
 | |
| 
 | |
| At the top is a comment block followed by some import statements and a
 | |
| path append which every perf script script should include.
 | |
| 
 | |
| Following that are a couple generated functions, trace_begin() and
 | |
| trace_end(), which are called at the beginning and the end of the
 | |
| script respectively (for more details, see the SCRIPT_LAYOUT section
 | |
| below).
 | |
| 
 | |
| Following those are the 'event handler' functions generated one for
 | |
| every event in the 'perf record' output.  The handler functions take
 | |
| the form subsystem__event_name, and contain named parameters, one for
 | |
| each field in the event; in this case, there's only one event,
 | |
| raw_syscalls__sys_enter().  (see the EVENT HANDLERS section below for
 | |
| more info on event handlers).
 | |
| 
 | |
| The final couple of functions are, like the begin and end functions,
 | |
| generated for every script.  The first, trace_unhandled(), is called
 | |
| every time the script finds an event in the perf.data file that
 | |
| doesn't correspond to any event handler in the script.  This could
 | |
| mean either that the record step recorded event types that it wasn't
 | |
| really interested in, or the script was run against a trace file that
 | |
| doesn't correspond to the script.
 | |
| 
 | |
| The script generated by -g option simply prints a line for each
 | |
| event found in the trace stream i.e. it basically just dumps the event
 | |
| and its parameter values to stdout.  The print_header() function is
 | |
| simply a utility function used for that purpose.  Let's rename the
 | |
| script and run it to see the default output:
 | |
| 
 | |
| ----
 | |
| # mv perf-script.py syscall-counts.py
 | |
| # perf script -s syscall-counts.py
 | |
| 
 | |
| raw_syscalls__sys_enter     1 00840.847582083     7506 perf                  id=1, args=
 | |
| raw_syscalls__sys_enter     1 00840.847595764     7506 perf                  id=1, args=
 | |
| raw_syscalls__sys_enter     1 00840.847620860     7506 perf                  id=1, args=
 | |
| raw_syscalls__sys_enter     1 00840.847710478     6533 npviewer.bin          id=78, args=
 | |
| raw_syscalls__sys_enter     1 00840.847719204     6533 npviewer.bin          id=142, args=
 | |
| raw_syscalls__sys_enter     1 00840.847755445     6533 npviewer.bin          id=3, args=
 | |
| raw_syscalls__sys_enter     1 00840.847775601     6533 npviewer.bin          id=3, args=
 | |
| raw_syscalls__sys_enter     1 00840.847781820     6533 npviewer.bin          id=3, args=
 | |
| .
 | |
| .
 | |
| .
 | |
| ----
 | |
| 
 | |
| Of course, for this script, we're not interested in printing every
 | |
| trace event, but rather aggregating it in a useful way.  So we'll get
 | |
| rid of everything to do with printing as well as the trace_begin() and
 | |
| trace_unhandled() functions, which we won't be using.  That leaves us
 | |
| with this minimalistic skeleton:
 | |
| 
 | |
| ----
 | |
| import os
 | |
| import sys
 | |
| 
 | |
| sys.path.append(os.environ['PERF_EXEC_PATH'] + \
 | |
| 	'/scripts/python/perf-script-Util/lib/Perf/Trace')
 | |
| 
 | |
| from perf_trace_context import *
 | |
| from Core import *
 | |
| 
 | |
| def trace_end():
 | |
| 	print "in trace_end"
 | |
| 
 | |
| def raw_syscalls__sys_enter(event_name, context, common_cpu,
 | |
| 	common_secs, common_nsecs, common_pid, common_comm,
 | |
| 	id, args):
 | |
| ----
 | |
| 
 | |
| In trace_end(), we'll simply print the results, but first we need to
 | |
| generate some results to print.  To do that we need to have our
 | |
| sys_enter() handler do the necessary tallying until all events have
 | |
| been counted.  A hash table indexed by syscall id is a good way to
 | |
| store that information; every time the sys_enter() handler is called,
 | |
| we simply increment a count associated with that hash entry indexed by
 | |
| that syscall id:
 | |
| 
 | |
| ----
 | |
|   syscalls = autodict()
 | |
| 
 | |
|   try:
 | |
|     syscalls[id] += 1
 | |
|   except TypeError:
 | |
|     syscalls[id] = 1
 | |
| ----
 | |
| 
 | |
| The syscalls 'autodict' object is a special kind of Python dictionary
 | |
| (implemented in Core.py) that implements Perl's 'autovivifying' hashes
 | |
| in Python i.e. with autovivifying hashes, you can assign nested hash
 | |
| values without having to go to the trouble of creating intermediate
 | |
| levels if they don't exist e.g syscalls[comm][pid][id] = 1 will create
 | |
| the intermediate hash levels and finally assign the value 1 to the
 | |
| hash entry for 'id' (because the value being assigned isn't a hash
 | |
| object itself, the initial value is assigned in the TypeError
 | |
| exception.  Well, there may be a better way to do this in Python but
 | |
| that's what works for now).
 | |
| 
 | |
| Putting that code into the raw_syscalls__sys_enter() handler, we
 | |
| effectively end up with a single-level dictionary keyed on syscall id
 | |
| and having the counts we've tallied as values.
 | |
| 
 | |
| The print_syscall_totals() function iterates over the entries in the
 | |
| dictionary and displays a line for each entry containing the syscall
 | |
| name (the dictonary keys contain the syscall ids, which are passed to
 | |
| the Util function syscall_name(), which translates the raw syscall
 | |
| numbers to the corresponding syscall name strings).  The output is
 | |
| displayed after all the events in the trace have been processed, by
 | |
| calling the print_syscall_totals() function from the trace_end()
 | |
| handler called at the end of script processing.
 | |
| 
 | |
| The final script producing the output shown above is shown in its
 | |
| entirety below (syscall_name() helper is not yet available, you can
 | |
| only deal with id's for now):
 | |
| 
 | |
| ----
 | |
| import os
 | |
| import sys
 | |
| 
 | |
| sys.path.append(os.environ['PERF_EXEC_PATH'] + \
 | |
| 	'/scripts/python/perf-script-Util/lib/Perf/Trace')
 | |
| 
 | |
| from perf_trace_context import *
 | |
| from Core import *
 | |
| from Util import *
 | |
| 
 | |
| syscalls = autodict()
 | |
| 
 | |
| def trace_end():
 | |
| 	print_syscall_totals()
 | |
| 
 | |
| def raw_syscalls__sys_enter(event_name, context, common_cpu,
 | |
| 	common_secs, common_nsecs, common_pid, common_comm,
 | |
| 	id, args):
 | |
| 	try:
 | |
| 		syscalls[id] += 1
 | |
| 	except TypeError:
 | |
| 		syscalls[id] = 1
 | |
| 
 | |
| def print_syscall_totals():
 | |
|     if for_comm is not None:
 | |
| 	    print "\nsyscall events for %s:\n\n" % (for_comm),
 | |
|     else:
 | |
| 	    print "\nsyscall events:\n\n",
 | |
| 
 | |
|     print "%-40s  %10s\n" % ("event", "count"),
 | |
|     print "%-40s  %10s\n" % ("----------------------------------------", \
 | |
|                                  "-----------"),
 | |
| 
 | |
|     for id, val in sorted(syscalls.iteritems(), key = lambda(k, v): (v, k), \
 | |
| 				  reverse = True):
 | |
| 	    print "%-40s  %10d\n" % (syscall_name(id), val),
 | |
| ----
 | |
| 
 | |
| The script can be run just as before:
 | |
| 
 | |
|   # perf script -s syscall-counts.py
 | |
| 
 | |
| So those are the essential steps in writing and running a script.  The
 | |
| process can be generalized to any tracepoint or set of tracepoints
 | |
| you're interested in - basically find the tracepoint(s) you're
 | |
| interested in by looking at the list of available events shown by
 | |
| 'perf list' and/or look in /sys/kernel/debug/tracing events for
 | |
| detailed event and field info, record the corresponding trace data
 | |
| using 'perf record', passing it the list of interesting events,
 | |
| generate a skeleton script using 'perf script -g python' and modify the
 | |
| code to aggregate and display it for your particular needs.
 | |
| 
 | |
| After you've done that you may end up with a general-purpose script
 | |
| that you want to keep around and have available for future use.  By
 | |
| writing a couple of very simple shell scripts and putting them in the
 | |
| right place, you can have your script listed alongside the other
 | |
| scripts listed by the 'perf script -l' command e.g.:
 | |
| 
 | |
| ----
 | |
| root@tropicana:~# perf script -l
 | |
| List of available trace scripts:
 | |
|   workqueue-stats                      workqueue stats (ins/exe/create/destroy)
 | |
|   wakeup-latency                       system-wide min/max/avg wakeup latency
 | |
|   rw-by-file <comm>                    r/w activity for a program, by file
 | |
|   rw-by-pid                            system-wide r/w activity
 | |
| ----
 | |
| 
 | |
| A nice side effect of doing this is that you also then capture the
 | |
| probably lengthy 'perf record' command needed to record the events for
 | |
| the script.
 | |
| 
 | |
| To have the script appear as a 'built-in' script, you write two simple
 | |
| scripts, one for recording and one for 'reporting'.
 | |
| 
 | |
| The 'record' script is a shell script with the same base name as your
 | |
| script, but with -record appended.  The shell script should be put
 | |
| into the perf/scripts/python/bin directory in the kernel source tree.
 | |
| In that script, you write the 'perf record' command-line needed for
 | |
| your script:
 | |
| 
 | |
| ----
 | |
| # cat kernel-source/tools/perf/scripts/python/bin/syscall-counts-record
 | |
| 
 | |
| #!/bin/bash
 | |
| perf record -a -e raw_syscalls:sys_enter
 | |
| ----
 | |
| 
 | |
| The 'report' script is also a shell script with the same base name as
 | |
| your script, but with -report appended.  It should also be located in
 | |
| the perf/scripts/python/bin directory.  In that script, you write the
 | |
| 'perf script -s' command-line needed for running your script:
 | |
| 
 | |
| ----
 | |
| # cat kernel-source/tools/perf/scripts/python/bin/syscall-counts-report
 | |
| 
 | |
| #!/bin/bash
 | |
| # description: system-wide syscall counts
 | |
| perf script -s ~/libexec/perf-core/scripts/python/syscall-counts.py
 | |
| ----
 | |
| 
 | |
| Note that the location of the Python script given in the shell script
 | |
| is in the libexec/perf-core/scripts/python directory - this is where
 | |
| the script will be copied by 'make install' when you install perf.
 | |
| For the installation to install your script there, your script needs
 | |
| to be located in the perf/scripts/python directory in the kernel
 | |
| source tree:
 | |
| 
 | |
| ----
 | |
| # ls -al kernel-source/tools/perf/scripts/python
 | |
| 
 | |
| root@tropicana:/home/trz/src/tip# ls -al tools/perf/scripts/python
 | |
| total 32
 | |
| drwxr-xr-x 4 trz trz 4096 2010-01-26 22:30 .
 | |
| drwxr-xr-x 4 trz trz 4096 2010-01-26 22:29 ..
 | |
| drwxr-xr-x 2 trz trz 4096 2010-01-26 22:29 bin
 | |
| -rw-r--r-- 1 trz trz 2548 2010-01-26 22:29 check-perf-script.py
 | |
| drwxr-xr-x 3 trz trz 4096 2010-01-26 22:49 perf-script-Util
 | |
| -rw-r--r-- 1 trz trz 1462 2010-01-26 22:30 syscall-counts.py
 | |
| ----
 | |
| 
 | |
| Once you've done that (don't forget to do a new 'make install',
 | |
| otherwise your script won't show up at run-time), 'perf script -l'
 | |
| should show a new entry for your script:
 | |
| 
 | |
| ----
 | |
| root@tropicana:~# perf script -l
 | |
| List of available trace scripts:
 | |
|   workqueue-stats                      workqueue stats (ins/exe/create/destroy)
 | |
|   wakeup-latency                       system-wide min/max/avg wakeup latency
 | |
|   rw-by-file <comm>                    r/w activity for a program, by file
 | |
|   rw-by-pid                            system-wide r/w activity
 | |
|   syscall-counts                       system-wide syscall counts
 | |
| ----
 | |
| 
 | |
| You can now perform the record step via 'perf script record':
 | |
| 
 | |
|   # perf script record syscall-counts
 | |
| 
 | |
| and display the output using 'perf script report':
 | |
| 
 | |
|   # perf script report syscall-counts
 | |
| 
 | |
| STARTER SCRIPTS
 | |
| ---------------
 | |
| 
 | |
| You can quickly get started writing a script for a particular set of
 | |
| trace data by generating a skeleton script using 'perf script -g
 | |
| python' in the same directory as an existing perf.data trace file.
 | |
| That will generate a starter script containing a handler for each of
 | |
| the event types in the trace file; it simply prints every available
 | |
| field for each event in the trace file.
 | |
| 
 | |
| You can also look at the existing scripts in
 | |
| ~/libexec/perf-core/scripts/python for typical examples showing how to
 | |
| do basic things like aggregate event data, print results, etc.  Also,
 | |
| the check-perf-script.py script, while not interesting for its results,
 | |
| attempts to exercise all of the main scripting features.
 | |
| 
 | |
| EVENT HANDLERS
 | |
| --------------
 | |
| 
 | |
| When perf script is invoked using a trace script, a user-defined
 | |
| 'handler function' is called for each event in the trace.  If there's
 | |
| no handler function defined for a given event type, the event is
 | |
| ignored (or passed to a 'trace_handled' function, see below) and the
 | |
| next event is processed.
 | |
| 
 | |
| Most of the event's field values are passed as arguments to the
 | |
| handler function; some of the less common ones aren't - those are
 | |
| available as calls back into the perf executable (see below).
 | |
| 
 | |
| As an example, the following perf record command can be used to record
 | |
| all sched_wakeup events in the system:
 | |
| 
 | |
|  # perf record -a -e sched:sched_wakeup
 | |
| 
 | |
| Traces meant to be processed using a script should be recorded with
 | |
| the above option: -a to enable system-wide collection.
 | |
| 
 | |
| The format file for the sched_wakep event defines the following fields
 | |
| (see /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/sched/sched_wakeup/format):
 | |
| 
 | |
| ----
 | |
|  format:
 | |
|         field:unsigned short common_type;
 | |
|         field:unsigned char common_flags;
 | |
|         field:unsigned char common_preempt_count;
 | |
|         field:int common_pid;
 | |
| 
 | |
|         field:char comm[TASK_COMM_LEN];
 | |
|         field:pid_t pid;
 | |
|         field:int prio;
 | |
|         field:int success;
 | |
|         field:int target_cpu;
 | |
| ----
 | |
| 
 | |
| The handler function for this event would be defined as:
 | |
| 
 | |
| ----
 | |
| def sched__sched_wakeup(event_name, context, common_cpu, common_secs,
 | |
|        common_nsecs, common_pid, common_comm,
 | |
|        comm, pid, prio, success, target_cpu):
 | |
|        pass
 | |
| ----
 | |
| 
 | |
| The handler function takes the form subsystem__event_name.
 | |
| 
 | |
| The common_* arguments in the handler's argument list are the set of
 | |
| arguments passed to all event handlers; some of the fields correspond
 | |
| to the common_* fields in the format file, but some are synthesized,
 | |
| and some of the common_* fields aren't common enough to to be passed
 | |
| to every event as arguments but are available as library functions.
 | |
| 
 | |
| Here's a brief description of each of the invariant event args:
 | |
| 
 | |
|  event_name 	  	    the name of the event as text
 | |
|  context		    an opaque 'cookie' used in calls back into perf
 | |
|  common_cpu		    the cpu the event occurred on
 | |
|  common_secs		    the secs portion of the event timestamp
 | |
|  common_nsecs		    the nsecs portion of the event timestamp
 | |
|  common_pid		    the pid of the current task
 | |
|  common_comm		    the name of the current process
 | |
| 
 | |
| All of the remaining fields in the event's format file have
 | |
| counterparts as handler function arguments of the same name, as can be
 | |
| seen in the example above.
 | |
| 
 | |
| The above provides the basics needed to directly access every field of
 | |
| every event in a trace, which covers 90% of what you need to know to
 | |
| write a useful trace script.  The sections below cover the rest.
 | |
| 
 | |
| SCRIPT LAYOUT
 | |
| -------------
 | |
| 
 | |
| Every perf script Python script should start by setting up a Python
 | |
| module search path and 'import'ing a few support modules (see module
 | |
| descriptions below):
 | |
| 
 | |
| ----
 | |
|  import os
 | |
|  import sys
 | |
| 
 | |
|  sys.path.append(os.environ['PERF_EXEC_PATH'] + \
 | |
| 	      '/scripts/python/perf-script-Util/lib/Perf/Trace')
 | |
| 
 | |
|  from perf_trace_context import *
 | |
|  from Core import *
 | |
| ----
 | |
| 
 | |
| The rest of the script can contain handler functions and support
 | |
| functions in any order.
 | |
| 
 | |
| Aside from the event handler functions discussed above, every script
 | |
| can implement a set of optional functions:
 | |
| 
 | |
| *trace_begin*, if defined, is called before any event is processed and
 | |
| gives scripts a chance to do setup tasks:
 | |
| 
 | |
| ----
 | |
| def trace_begin:
 | |
|     pass
 | |
| ----
 | |
| 
 | |
| *trace_end*, if defined, is called after all events have been
 | |
|  processed and gives scripts a chance to do end-of-script tasks, such
 | |
|  as display results:
 | |
| 
 | |
| ----
 | |
| def trace_end:
 | |
|     pass
 | |
| ----
 | |
| 
 | |
| *trace_unhandled*, if defined, is called after for any event that
 | |
|  doesn't have a handler explicitly defined for it.  The standard set
 | |
|  of common arguments are passed into it:
 | |
| 
 | |
| ----
 | |
| def trace_unhandled(event_name, context, common_cpu, common_secs,
 | |
|         common_nsecs, common_pid, common_comm):
 | |
|     pass
 | |
| ----
 | |
| 
 | |
| The remaining sections provide descriptions of each of the available
 | |
| built-in perf script Python modules and their associated functions.
 | |
| 
 | |
| AVAILABLE MODULES AND FUNCTIONS
 | |
| -------------------------------
 | |
| 
 | |
| The following sections describe the functions and variables available
 | |
| via the various perf script Python modules.  To use the functions and
 | |
| variables from the given module, add the corresponding 'from XXXX
 | |
| import' line to your perf script script.
 | |
| 
 | |
| Core.py Module
 | |
| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 | |
| 
 | |
| These functions provide some essential functions to user scripts.
 | |
| 
 | |
| The *flag_str* and *symbol_str* functions provide human-readable
 | |
| strings for flag and symbolic fields.  These correspond to the strings
 | |
| and values parsed from the 'print fmt' fields of the event format
 | |
| files:
 | |
| 
 | |
|   flag_str(event_name, field_name, field_value) - returns the string represention corresponding to field_value for the flag field field_name of event event_name
 | |
|   symbol_str(event_name, field_name, field_value) - returns the string represention corresponding to field_value for the symbolic field field_name of event event_name
 | |
| 
 | |
| The *autodict* function returns a special kind of Python
 | |
| dictionary that implements Perl's 'autovivifying' hashes in Python
 | |
| i.e. with autovivifying hashes, you can assign nested hash values
 | |
| without having to go to the trouble of creating intermediate levels if
 | |
| they don't exist.
 | |
| 
 | |
|   autodict() - returns an autovivifying dictionary instance
 | |
| 
 | |
| 
 | |
| perf_trace_context Module
 | |
| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 | |
| 
 | |
| Some of the 'common' fields in the event format file aren't all that
 | |
| common, but need to be made accessible to user scripts nonetheless.
 | |
| 
 | |
| perf_trace_context defines a set of functions that can be used to
 | |
| access this data in the context of the current event.  Each of these
 | |
| functions expects a context variable, which is the same as the
 | |
| context variable passed into every event handler as the second
 | |
| argument.
 | |
| 
 | |
|  common_pc(context) - returns common_preempt count for the current event
 | |
|  common_flags(context) - returns common_flags for the current event
 | |
|  common_lock_depth(context) - returns common_lock_depth for the current event
 | |
| 
 | |
| Util.py Module
 | |
| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 | |
| 
 | |
| Various utility functions for use with perf script:
 | |
| 
 | |
|   nsecs(secs, nsecs) - returns total nsecs given secs/nsecs pair
 | |
|   nsecs_secs(nsecs) - returns whole secs portion given nsecs
 | |
|   nsecs_nsecs(nsecs) - returns nsecs remainder given nsecs
 | |
|   nsecs_str(nsecs) - returns printable string in the form secs.nsecs
 | |
|   avg(total, n) - returns average given a sum and a total number of values
 | |
| 
 | |
| SEE ALSO
 | |
| --------
 | |
| linkperf:perf-script[1]
 |